Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24833 oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46662 mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance In general, a mineral is a chemical substance that is normally crystalline formed and has been formed as a result of geological processes. The term also includes metamict substances (naturally occurring, formerly crystalline substances whose crystallinity has been destroyed by ionising radiation) and can include naturally occurring amorphous substances that have never been crystalline ('mineraloids') such as georgite and calciouranoite as well as substances formed by the action of geological processes on bigenic compounds ('biogenic minerals'). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biochemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite Any animal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22563 anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22984 calcium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22313 alkaline earth metal atom An alkaline earth metal atom that has formula Ca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23016 carbonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24835 inorganic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity that contains no carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24866 salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity A salt is an assembly of cations and anions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity having a net electric charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805 oxygen atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33303 chalcogen A chalcogen that has formula O. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27573 silicon atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33306 carbon group element atom A carbon group element atom that has formula Si. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27594 carbon atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33306 carbon group element atom A carbon group element atom that has formula C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29108 calcium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60240 divalent metal cation A calcium cation that has formula Ca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33238 monoatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity A monoatomic entity is a molecular entity consisting of a single atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33253 nucleon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle Heavy nuclear particle: proton or neutron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33259 elemental molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity all atoms of which have the same atomic number. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33285 heteroorganic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity An alkaline earth molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkaline earth metal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33303 chalcogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom Any p-block element belonging to the group 16 family of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33318 main group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33521 metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom An atom of an element that exhibits typical metallic properties, being typically shiny, with high electrical and thermal conductivity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33318 main group element atom Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35406 oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33273 polyatomic anion An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36358 polyatomic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An ion consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39141 Bronsted acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 acid A molecular entity capable of donating a hydron to an acceptor (Bronsted base). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49637 hydrogen atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom A s-block element atom that has formula H. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A quality of a single physical entity inhering in the bearer by virtue of the bearer's size or shape or structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000991 gonad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ Reproductive organ that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64708 one-carbon compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75772 Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76946 fungal metabolite Any fungal metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17544 hydrogencarbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17891 donor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A molecular entity that can transfer ("donate") an electron, a pair of electrons, an atom or a group to another molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28976 carbonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid A chalcocarbonic acid that has formula CH2O3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33252 atomic nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle A nucleus is the positively charged central portion of an atom, excluding the orbital electrons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33284 nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component A nutrient is a chemical element needed by all life forms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group Any substituent group which does not contain carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64641 divalent inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation An inorganic cation with a valency of two. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 cell A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000023 oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000021 female germ cell A female germ cell that has entered meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000548 animal cell A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000219 motile cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell A cell that moves by its own activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000225 anucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell A cell that lacks a nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000234 phagocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000473 defensive cell Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000325 stuff accumulating cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000473 defensive cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000586 germ cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002242 nucleate cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell A cell containing at least one nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Multicellular, connected anatomical structure that has multiple organs as parts and whose parts work together to achieve some shared function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000990 reproductive system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure Anatomical system that has as its parts the organs concerned with reproduction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003133 reproductive organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure An organ involved in reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role Any intermediate or product resulting from metabolism. The term 'metabolite' subsumes the classes commonly known as primary and secondary metabolites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any molecular entity that contains carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75767 animal metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in animals that include diverse creatures from sponges, insects to mammals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75771 mouse metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76946 fungal metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in fungi, the kingdom that includes microorganisms such as the yeasts and moulds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76971 Escherichia coli metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76969 bacterial metabolite Any bacterial metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in Escherichia coli. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75763 eukaryotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in eukaryotes, the taxon that include members of the fungi, plantae and animalia kingdoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76969 bacterial metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75787 prokaryotic metabolite Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60240 divalent metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64641 divalent inorganic cation A metal cation with a valence of two. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77182 food colouring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that imparts colour to food. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted food colours are from E 100 to E 199, divided into yellows (E 100-109), oranges (E 110-119), reds (E 120-129), blues and violets (E 130-139), greens (E 140-149), browns and blacks (E 150-159), and others (E 160-199). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role Any substance that is distributed in foodstuffs. It includes materials derived from plants or animals, such as vitamins or minerals, as well as environmental contaminants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound A negative ion consisting solely of carbon and oxygen atoms, and therefore having the general formula CxOy(n-) for some integers x, y and n. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_41609 carbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35604 carbon oxoanion A carbon oxoanion that has formula CO3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30563 silicon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33327 silicon oxide A silicon oxide made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a silicon atom is covalently bonded to two oxygens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_65265 antacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Any substance which is used to neutralise stomach acidity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3311 calcium carbonate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35156 calcium salt A carbonate salt that has formula CO3.Ca. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33233 fundamental particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A particle not known to have substructure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33273 polyatomic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36358 polyatomic ion An anion consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36339 baryon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36344 hadron Baryon is a fermion that does experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek betaalpharhoupsilonsigma (heavy). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36347 nuclear particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A nucleus or any of its constituents in any of their energy states. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77960 food firming agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive A food additive that is used to make or keep fruit or vegetable tissues firm and crisp. or which interacts with gelling agents such as pectin to produce or strengthen a gel. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005929 cilium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006900 membrane budding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010324 membrane invagination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization The infolding of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030990 intraciliary transport particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043234 protein complex A nonmembrane-bound oligomeric protein complex that participates in bidirectional transport of molecules (cargo) along axonemal microtubules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000014 cell part Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044765 single-organism transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902578 single-organism localization The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051234 establishment of localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization Any process that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061024 membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016043 cellular component organization A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071944 cell periphery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part The part of a cell encompassing the cell cortex, the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that is an individual member of a species and consists of more than one cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Anatomical structure that consists of cell parts and cell substances and together does not constitute a cell or a tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure Primordia are populations of contiguous cells that are morphologically distinct and already correspond in extent to a later organ/tissue[FBbt, Hartenstein, V. (2004)]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002548 larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any anatomical structure that is part of the reproductive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005564 gonad primordium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001048 primordium Portion of tissue that gives rise to the immature gonad. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000001 sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 multicellular organism Sponge bodies consist of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. While all animals have unspecialized cells that can transform into specialized cells, sponges are unique in having some specialized cells that can transform into other types, often migrating between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead, most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes, and the shapes of their bodies are adapted to maximize the efficiency of the water flow. All are sessile aquatic animals and, although there are freshwater species, the great majority are marine (salt water) species, ranging from tidal zones to depths exceeding 8,800 metres (5.5 mi) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000002 mesohyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000700 body layer An extracellular matrix enclosed by pinacoderm and choanoderm, the mesohyl is composed primarily of galectin, collagen, fibronectin-like molecules, dermatopontin, and other polypeptides. The mesohyl contains cells (microbial and eukaryotic) and skeletal elements (collagen, spongin, chitin, and/or minerals). (Boury-Esnault and Rützler 1997; Müller 2003) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000003 choanocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000914 flagellated cell A cell that lines the interior of Asconoid, syconoid and leuconoid body type sponges that contain a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli which are connected by a thin membrane. The choanocyte is ovoid, with one end adjacent to the mesohyl (in some species). It is the closest family member to the free-living ancestor called choanoflagellate. The flagellae beat regularly, creating a water flow across the microvilli which can then filter nutrients and other food from the water taken from the collar of the sponge. Food particles are then phagocytosed by the cell. Choanocytes are found dotting the surface of the spongocoel in asconoid sponges and the radial canals in syconoid sponges, but they comprise entirely the chambers in leuconoid sponges. By cooperatively moving their flagella, choanocytes generate a flow of water through the sponges pores, into the spongocoel, and out through the osculum. This improves both respiratory and digestive functions for the sponge, pulling in oxygen and nutrients and allowing a rapid expulsion of carbon dioxide and other waste products. Although all cells in a sponge are capable of living on their own, choanocytes carry out most of the sponge's ingestion, passing digested materials to the amoebocytes for delivery to other cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000005 lophocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000222 collencyte amoeba-like cells that move slowly through the mesohyl and secrete collagen fibres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000007 rhabdiferous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Large cell with numerous rod-like inclu sions parallel to the long axis of the cell containing acid mucopolysaccharides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000008 macromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000006 sponge larval cell Posterior non-ciliated larval cell that will differentiate into a pinacocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000009 micromere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000914 flagellated cell anterior ciliated cell of the sponge larva that will differentiate into a choanocyte or spicule-forming cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000011 sclerocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000012 secretory cell spicule secreting cells, found in sponges. They secrete calcareous or siliceous spicules which are found in the mesohyl layer of sponges. The sclerocytes produce spicules via formation of a cellular triad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000013 spongocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000012 secretory cell In addition to or instead of sclerocytes, demosponges have spongocytes that secrete a form of collagen that polymerizes into spongin, a thick fibrous material that stiffens the mesohyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000014 myocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell conduct signals and cause parts of the animal to contract. They are assumed to regulate the flow of water by increasing or decreasing the diameter of these openings to the aquiferous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000015 gray cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell cells that acts as sponges' equivalent of an immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000016 archaeocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell amoeba-like large cells with large nuclei that are totipotent. They also have important roles in feeding and in clearing debris that block the ostia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure siliceous or calcareous entities that form the mineral skeleton of a sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000018 osculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity an excretory structure in the living sponge, a large opening to the outside through which the current of water exits after passing through the spongocoel. Wastes diffuse into the water and the water exits through the osculum at a velocity of nearly 8.4 cm/second, carrying away with it the sponge's wastes. The size of the osculum is regulated by the myocyte. Its size, in turn, determines the amount of water flowing through the sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000020 spongeocoel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity large, central cavity of sponges. Water enters the spongocoel through hundreds of tiny pores (Ostia) and exits through the larger opening (osculum). Depending on the body plan of the sponge (which can be asconoid, syconoid, or leuconoid), the spongocoel could be a simple interior space of the sponge or a complexly branched inner structure. Regardless of body plan or class, the spongocoel is lined with choanocytes, which have flagella that push water through the spongocoel, creating a current. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000021 ostium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore Any opening in the exopinacoderm through which water enters the sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000023 pinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell flat cells found on the outermost layer of sponges. They can expand and contract to slightly alter the size of the sponge, and can also produce collagen. Delimits the sponge from the external milieu and always only in a layer one-cell deep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000024 prosopyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore a pore through which water is drawn from the outside into one of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000915 chamber Any cavity lined by choanocytes and located between inhalant and exhalant systems[portol]. either the choanocyte-lined radial canal in syconoid, or the choanocyte-lined filter chamber in leuconoid[cjm]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000026 asconoid sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000001 sponge Asconoid is one of three possible body plans for sponges, which form the phylum Porifera in kingdom Animalia and subkingdom Parazoa which means that they do not have a definite body shape. The asconoid body plan is characterized by a stalk-like spongocoel surrounded by a single layer of choanocytes. These choanocytes are cells that have flagella, and the flagella beat to push water through the spongocoel, creating a current. At somewhat regular intervals along the lining of the spongocoel are openings called ostia (singular, ostium). These protrude through the outer layer of the sponge (somewhat like an epidermis, but not entirely like it, since this terminology implies germ layers, which sponges do not have). Finally, at the top of the sponge is the osculum, which is the final exit for water circulating through the sponge. This single layer of choanocytes limits the size of asconoids, with the largest having a diameter of only 1 mm. This is due to the surface area : mass ratio which would not allow an asconoid sponge of larger size sufficient nutrition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000027 syconoid sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000001 sponge Sponge in which the body wall is pleated. The inner pockets of the pleats are lined with choanocytes, which connect to the outer pockets of the pleats by ostia. This increase in the number of choanocytes and hence in pumping capacity enables syconoid sponges to grow up to a few centimeters in diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000028 leuconoid sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000001 sponge The "leuconid" pattern boosts pumping capacity further by filling the interior almost completely with mesohyl that contains a network of chambers lined with choanocytes and connected to each other and to the water intakes and outlet by tubes. Leuconid sponges grow to over 1 metre (3.3 ft) in diameter, and the fact that growth in any direction increases the number of choanocyte chambers enables them to take a wider range of forms, for example "encrusting" sponges whose shapes follow those of the surfaces to which they attach. All freshwater and most shallow-water marine sponges have leuconid bodies. The networks of water passages in glass sponges are similar to the leuconid structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000029 spongin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Skeletal substance in Demospongiae made up of collagen microfibrils of ~10 fim diameter[portol]. a modified type of collagen protein, forms the fibrous skeleton of most organisms among the phylum Porifera, the sponges. Spongin gives a sponge its flexibility. True spongin is found only in members of the class Demospongiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000030 calcareous spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A spicule composed largely of calcite having a radiate form, the number of rays being either two (diactine), three (triactine), or four (tetractine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000034 trab http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A trab is structural element within a sponge formed by the fusion of dendroclones. In the Anthaspidellidae, when spicules (usually dendroclones) connect at their tips to form a ladder-like structure, trabs may be formed.[1] Oxeas are sometimes employed in the central rod.[1][2] Trabs have a feather-like structure, or may form rods.[1][3] Trabs are usually regularly spaced, usually at sub-millimetric intervals.[1] Further dendroclones may interconnect adjacent trabs, forming ladder-like structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000043 pinacoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface The pinacoderm is the outer most layer of cells (pinacocytes) in the phylum Porifera (sponges), similar to the epidermis in other organisms. The pinacocytes are on the external surface of the sponge body and characterized as an epithelial layer of flattened cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000044 porocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell cell that surrounds a pore (ostium). In an asconoid sponge, water enters the sponge through the porocytes, passes directly to the choanocyte-lined spongocoel, and then out of the sponge through the osculum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000046 apopyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore a pore in each of the saclike chambers formed by the evagination of the body wall, through which water passes into the excurrent canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Small spicule, often ornate in shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A large spicule, visible to the naked eye. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000100 smoking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process Massive release of gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000101 spined http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Prefix meaning spined, as in acanthostyle or acanthomicrorhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000102 acanthophore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule having two to six stout spined rays, typically surrounding the point of insertion of the root tuft in Hyalonema species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000103 accessory spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere A megasclere echinating the primary skeleton. See ECHINATING SPICULE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000104 accretive reticulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000499 reticulate skeleton Regularly anisotropic reticulation with ascending (primary and radial) fibers or tracts and interconnecting fibers or tracts about equal in thickness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000105 acerate spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Pointed like a needle; adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000106 actine ray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000045 spicule ray A centered ray containing an axis or axial canal. See also CLAD. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000107 actinocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Elongated contractile cell often grouped in sphincter- like structure around the osculum, below the sieve- plates, and around the large exhalant canals. Characterized by numerous filaments of actin within their cytoplasm. New term for the contractile cell (ac in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000108 agglutinated support http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000922 substrate Creating substrate or support by cementing together a mixture of foreign material, such as sand, shell, or rock. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000109 ala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure One of the thin, wing-like or spatulate structures in each recurved portion of a chela. The anterior ala is the one facing the shaft; others are lateral alae. See CHELA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000110 alveolate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton arranged around choanosomal cavities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000111 amararhysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000298 exhalant canal Paleontological term for longitudinal, tunnellike canal opening to the exhalant surface by slit-like apertures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000112 ambucinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine Diactin with spines recurved toward the center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000114 amphiaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A microsclere with microspined rays radiating from both ends of a shaft; the rays are shorter than the shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000115 amphiblastula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva Hollow, ovoid larva, with anterior flagellated and posterior nonflagellated groups of cells; typical of Calcaronea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000116 amphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Dumbbell-shaped microsclere with ends developed into umbel-like expansions. Three size classes, termed macramphidisc, mesamphidisc, micramphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000117 amphitriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A double triaene with a short rhabd bearing two opposed cladomes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000118 amphitrider http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000585 tetraclone Tetraclone resembling an amphitriaene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000119 anastomosing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Tracts, lines, or fibers are interconnected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000120 anatriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the clads are sharply curved backward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000121 anaxial desma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Desma without central axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000122 anchor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Anchor-like spicule, protruding free from the basal part of the sponge; derived from diactine, triactine, or tetractine spicules, with terminal rays or spines, curved in the proximal direction along the main ray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000123 anchorate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela An isochela with three or more free alae (at each end) in the form of recurved processes shaped like anchor claws (unguiferous) or anchor blades (spatuliferous); with two incipient lateral alae fused with the shaft over their entire length and a gently curved, not abruptly arched shaft. An anchorate chela with three teeth is called a tridendate chela. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000124 angulate spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Sharply bent; referring to overall spicule shape, as in oxea or sigmas. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000126 anisochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela A chela with unequal ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000127 anisotropic skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000499 reticulate skeleton Reticulate skeleton with primary and secondary tracts, lines, or fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000129 anterior pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000912 pole of larva Pole directed forward when larva is swimming. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000130 anthaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000295 euaster An euaster with tuberculate, denticulate, or spined, sometimes digitate, expansions at the ray tips (Chondrilla grandis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000133 aphodal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the exhalant canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus. Only one chamber opens into one aphodus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000134 aphodus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000298 exhalant canal Small exhalant canal leading from the apopyle to an exhalant canal (ap in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000135 apical actine (ray) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000106 actine ray The fourth actine of a tetractine that is joined to the basal triradiate system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000136 apochete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000298 exhalant canal Exhalant canal in fossil sponges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000137 apopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000285 endopinacocyte Endopinacocyte lining the exhalant canal (ai in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000138 apopinacoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000286 endopinacoderm Surface lined by apopinacocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000140 apopylar cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell surrounding the apopyle and located between the choanocytes and the apopinacocytes (ay in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000142 aporhysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal In fossil sponges, canal closed at the outer end (cf. epirhysis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000143 aquiferous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system The entire water-conducting system between the ostia and the oscula, which comprises the inhalant system, choanocyte chambers, and the exhalant system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000144 arborescent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Erect, branching habit, tree-like in appearance (Axinella polypoides) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000146 arcuate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela An isochela with three free alae and the shaft characteristically curved outward, often bow-shaped. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000147 areolated surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface covered by numerous circular ectosomal areas (Hamigera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000148 articulate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000201 choanoskeleton Choanoskeleton composed of several rows of similar spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000149 asconoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000143 aquiferous system Aquiferous system in which the internal cavity of the sponge is entirely lined by choanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000150 aspidaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere An elongate-compressed microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in minute spinose projections (Erylus spp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000151 aspidoplumicome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with numerous S-shaped terminal rays whose external curved ends form several successive tiers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000152 astroclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Desma made up of radiating arms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000153 astrorhiza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression Traces of the excurrent canal system on or within a rigid skeleton that appear as radiating or star-shaped grooves. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000154 asymmetric megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000155 atrial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Spicules surrounding the atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000157 autodermalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000252 dermalia Dermalia belonging wholly or at least primarily to the outer bounding skin, without actin protruding inside the sponge body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000158 autogastralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000329 gastralia Gastralia with one actin protruding into the atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000159 axial filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure The organic core around which a siliceous spicule is organized. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000160 axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton A type of skeletal organization in which some components are condensed to form a central region or axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000161 axinellid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Structure with a dense core of parallel fibers or strands fanning out toward the periphery of a sponge See also PLUMOSE or PLUMORETICULATE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000162 bacteriocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell containing prokaryotic microsymbionts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000164 basal spongin plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000910 plate A spongin layer covering the substratum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000165 basal triradiate system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure The three rays of a tetractine that correspond to those of a triactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000166 basalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicules protruding from lower sponge surface; sometimes called root spicules, anchors, barbed basalia; in some species, forming a root tuft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000167 basidictyonal plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Rigid basal skeletal framework. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000168 basopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000023 pinacocyte Pinacocyte affixing the sponge to the substratum by external secretion of a collagenous matrix (bs in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000169 bipocillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000126 anisochela A modified anisochela with fused alae connected by a short curved shaft (genus Iophon) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000170 birotula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A type of microsclere with a straight shaft and umbrella-shaped ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000172 blunt megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000173 bouquet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Ectosomal brush of spicules perpendicular to the surface of the sponge, with pointed ends outward. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000174 brachyome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000997 arm of trider Shortened arm of a trider. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000175 branching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Spreading out in branches (see also ARBORESCENT and REPENT). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000176 bud http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000900 reproductive body An asexual reproductive body composed of various types of cells (e.g., Tethya spp., Axinella damicornis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000178 calcareous tripod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine Regular triactine whose center is not in the same plane as the extremities of the recurved rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000179 caliculate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Cup shaped (Poterion neptuni) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000180 calthrop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Equiangular tetraxon with equal rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000181 calycocome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with stout main rays and with terminal rays directed outward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000182 canalaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicules lining canals http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000183 candelabrum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000381 lophocalthrop A special form of lophocalthrop characterized by branching, multispined rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000184 canonochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela Modified, ellipsoid isochela with wing-like extensions on one (the bottom) side (genus Cercidochela) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000185 carrier cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000003 choanocyte Modified choanocyte that transports a captured spermatozoid to an oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000186 cellules en croix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000929 multicellular anatomical structure Nonflagellated cells arranged in tetraradial fashion in the amphiblastula of Calcaronea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000187 cemented spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Interlocked or adjacent spicules firmly linked by calcareous cement; the cement may be restricted to the junction area or may progressively encase the entire spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000188 spicule center http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Point of union of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000189 central cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Single cell located at the apopyle of choanocyte chambers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000190 centrotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene with three clads and two small rhabds (genus Triptolemus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000191 centrotylote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule with a median tyle (globular swelling). See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A microsclere with a curved shaft and recurved ala at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000193 chiactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine Tetractine with the unpaired ray of the basal system and the apical ray in the same alignment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000194 chiastoclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000250 dendroclone Dendroclone with a very short central shaft. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000195 chiastosigma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Microsclere composed of two crossed sigmas (genus Chiastosia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000196 choanoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell that buds anucleate outgrowth called COLLAR BODY; in Hexactinellida http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000197 choanochamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000915 chamber Hexactinellida equivalent of the choanocyte chambers of Demospongiae and Calcarea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000200 choanoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000700 body layer Surface lined by choanocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000201 choanoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton of the part of the sponge that contains choanocytes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000202 choanosomal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton of the main body, supporting the canal system and responsible for the form of the sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000203 choanosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000938 organism subdivision The internal region of a sponge, including the choanocyte chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000204 choristid megasclere arrangement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres Predominantly radiate, occasionally confused arrangement of megascleres including triaenes with cladome outward, lacking spongin, and commonly with a cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000205 cinctoblastula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva Hollow larva, entirely flagellated, with a central ring of pigmented cells; typical of Homoscleromorpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000206 clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000045 spicule ray Any ray or axial branch containing an axis or axial canal confluent with that of the protoclad or protorhabd in any type of spicule; term chiefly used in triaene spicules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000207 cladome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000206 clad The clads of a triaene or triaene-derivative spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000208 cladotylote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Monaxon megasclere, one end with knobs, the other with hooks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000209 clathrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Resembling open latticework (Clathrina coriacea) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000210 clathrate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Polyhedral arrangement of fibroreticulate sheets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000211 clathriid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Isodictyal or subisodictyal arrangement of fibers cored and/or echinated by styles in the family Microcionidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000212 clavate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Club shaped (Rhizaxinella pyrifera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000213 clavidisc microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A ring-shaped microsclere (genus Merlia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000214 clavule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000518 sceptrule Sceptrule with one terminal umbel or with terminal anchor teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000215 cleistochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela A chela with the ends (anterior alae) very close to each other (e.g., Clathria echinata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000216 clone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Ray-like arm that is entirely anaxial. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000217 codonhexactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000273 discohexactin Discohexactin with long, dendate, umbel-like structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000218 coeloblastula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva Hollow larva composed of an envelope of morphologically similar equipotent cells, to which a few larger nonflagellated cells may be added at the posterior pole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000220 collagen fascicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A dense band of intercellular collagen fibrils, which has a skeletal role in some sponges (e.g., genus Chondrosia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000221 collar body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000003 choanocyte Anucleate choanocyte in hexactinellids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000222 collencyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000012 secretory cell Cell with branching pseudopods/cytoplasmic strands, involved in the secretion of collagen (co in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000223 column http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000998 skeletal element of sponge Radial skeletal element in stromatoporoids, with a greater degree of continuity and larger than PILLARS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000224 columnar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Shape of solid, erect cylinder (Petrosia capsa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000227 compound fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber Several fibers merged or intricately interconnected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000228 compressible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Easily squeezed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000229 confused skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres Irregularly positioned megascleres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000230 conical megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000231 conulose surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with numerous cone-shaped projections raised up by underlying skeleton (Dysidea sp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000233 cored fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber A fiber that incorporates indigenous spicules or foreign material (spicules and sediment); coring may be light and limited to a central axis or may fill in the whole fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000234 corrugated surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with alternating parallel ridges and grooves (Callyspongia plicifera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000235 cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000938 organism subdivision A superficial region of a sponge reinforced by a special organic or inorganic skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000236 cortical skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000280 ectosomal skeleton Ectosomal skeleton reinforced by a layer of special skeleton elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000237 cortical spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule or skeleton of the external layer or cortex of the sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000238 crateriform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Massive shape, with a broad base and large central depression (Xestospongia muta). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000239 crepis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity The fundamental, inceptional body of a desma before it is modified by deposition of multiple layers of silica. A monocrepid desma develops from a monaxon spicule that is recognized by a straight, undivided axial thread (canal); a tetracrepid desma is based on a tetraxon spicule with a four-rayed axial thread (a small calthrops; see bottom of figure); an acrepid desma is based on a polyaxon fundamental structure lacking axial threads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000241 croca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A J-shaped microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000242 crypt tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Masses of thesocyte-like cells lodged within the basal crypts (chambers) of the calcareous skeleton (see ct in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000244 curved http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Referring to spicule shape (may be symmetrical or asymmetrical). See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000245 cuticle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A spongin layer covering the surface or a part of the surface of a sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000246 cyrtancistra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000529 sigma A sigma with semilanceolated extremities (genus Pozziella) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000247 cystencyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell with a single large vesicle containing amorphous material identified as polysaccharide and occupying most of the cell volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000249 dendritic skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton A skeleton consisting of single or ramifying fibers or tracts that branch but rarely anastomose (tree-like branching) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000250 dendroclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Desma with branched ends or tetracladine, amphitrider-like; always positioned perpendicular to skeletal fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000252 dermalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicules of the external sponge surface. See AUTODERMALIA, HYPODERMALIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere A typical interlocked megasclere with hypertrophic terminal secretion of silica. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000254 deuteroclad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure An actinal branch or a distal, branched portion of a ray. See DICHOTRIAENE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000255 diactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Megascleres with two rays and frequently with central swellings indicating the hexactin origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000412 monaxonic megasclere Megasclere with two actines (two rays or two points) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000257 diaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine Reduced triaene with two clads http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000258 diancistra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A microsclere with hooked, knife-shaped ends, notched where they join the shaft and in the middle of the shaft (genus Hamacantha) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000259 diapason http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine Sagittal triactine with parallel paired rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000260 diarhysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal In fossil sponges, radial canal in the honeycomb- like skeleton of Aphrocallistidae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000261 dichotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene An ortho or plagiotriaene in which the clads are bifurcate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000262 dicranoclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Tuberculate monaxial desma, arch shaped, tripodal, tetrapodal, or rarely polygonal; zygomes are terminal, like those of the tetraclone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000263 dictyonal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Three-dimensional network of fused, regular hexactins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000264 dictyonalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Spicules fused into a rigid framework. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000265 didiscorhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Microxea or microstrongyle ornamented by two discs along the shaft (genus Didiscus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000266 digitate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Deeply divided, finger-like outgrowths from basal mass (Halichondria bowerbanki) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000267 diod spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine Any diactine spicule with a central double-bent kink http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000268 diplaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere An astrose microsclere in which the rays or spines radiate from two, slightly distant, points http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000269 diplodal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber Type of choanocyte chamber that connects with the inhalant canals through a canaliculum called the prosodus and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle extended by an aphodus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000271 dischela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela A modified isochela whose disc-shaped alae are very close to each other and connected on their margins by two extremely reduced shafts (genus Coelodischela) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000272 discoctaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000419 octaster Octaster with terminal rays ending in umbel-like disks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000273 discohexactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000341 hexactin Hexactin with rays terminating in dentate, umbel-like structures http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000274 discohexaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with dentate, umbel-like terminal rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000275 discorhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A rod-shaped microsclere with several smooth or serrated discs along the shaft (genera Latrunculia, Podospongia, Sceptrinus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000276 discotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene with a disc-shaped cladome. The single clads may be distinguished by the presence of short axial canals (genus Discodermia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000277 drepanocome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with sickle-like terminations (genus Dictyaulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000278 echinating spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Megasclere that protrudes from the spongin plate, a fiber, or a spicule tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000279 ectochrote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Outer layer of the cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000281 ectosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000938 organism subdivision The superficial region of a sponge that has no choanocyte chambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000282 elastic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Resilient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000283 encrusted substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000922 substrate Thin, sheet-like coating of the substrate (Hymedesmia spp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000284 endolithic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Occupying cavities in hard substrata (see also EXCAVATING). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000285 endopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000023 pinacocyte Pinacocyte lining the inhalant and exhalant canals. In some Demospongiae orders, it has a flagellum (en in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000286 endopinacoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface lined by endopinacocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000287 endopsammic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Main part of body buried in sand (Oceanapia peltata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000288 entrapped spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Calcareous or siliceous spicules that are not part of the primary spicule framework but are progressively enclosed within a solid skeleton during growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000289 eosinophilic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell with inclusions that react positively with eosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000290 epirhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Part of the developed desma formed by the deposition of concentric layers immediately around the crepis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000291 epirhysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal In fossil sponges, canal closed at inner end (cf. aporhysis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000292 epitheca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A thin, wrinkled, calcareous layer, different in structure from the normal skeleton, covering the dead basal part of a rigid calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000293 equal megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000294 erect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate General term for having a vertical (away from substrate) growth strategy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000295 euaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A collective term for astrose microscleres in which the rays radiate from a central point http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000296 eurypylous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber Type of choanocyte chamber that connects directly with the inhalant canals through prosopyles and with the excurrent canal through an apopyle. There is no special canal after the apopyle, and several chambers open into the same exhalant canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000297 excavating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Living in galleries or cavities bored into limestone or other calcareous materials (species of Cliona, Thoosa, Aka) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000298 exhalant canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal Any canal forming part of the exhalant system, lined by the apopinacoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000299 exhalant system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Part of the aquiferous system between the apopyle and oscule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000300 exopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000023 pinacocyte Fusiform or T-shaped pinacocyte covering the free surface of a sponge. In exceptional cases, it has a flagellum (Homoscleromorpha) (ex in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000301 exotyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000567 style Styles or tylostyles with enlarged or omated distal end, projecting from the sponge surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000302 extra-axial skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Structurally distinct skeleton arising from or surrounding an axial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000303 facial plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity The plane passing through tips of the three rays of a triactine or of a basal triradiate system of a tetractine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000304 fascicular fibrous microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Crystal fibers fanning outward and radiating upward. In the penicillate type (e.g., Ceratoporella), crystal fibers are feebly divergent; in the water-jet type (e.g., Merlia), crystal fibers progressively fan outward around the growth axis; in the trabecular type (cnidarian, unknown in sponges), the crystal fibers are symmetrically arranged around the growth axis and axial fibers are absent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A column (strand, thread) of spongin forming a reticulate or dendritic skeleton, with or without indige nous spicules or foreign material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000306 fibroreticulate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Forming a net composed of fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000307 fibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Microsclere consisting of two bent rays derived from greatly reduced oxyhexaster (in Holascus fibulatus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000308 ficiform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Fig shaped (Petrosia ficiformis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000309 filling (tissue) structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000524 secondary calcareous skeleton Secondary calcareous skeleton that partitions or fills abandoned parts of the skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000310 fimbria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Narrow structure, similar to an ala, flanking the shaft of an anchorate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000311 firm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Solid, requires considerable pressure to deform sponge (species of Chondrosia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000312 fistule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000906 surface protruberance A tube-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface. See also PAPILLA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000313 fistulose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Bearing fistules (Coelosphaera hechteli). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000314 flabellate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Fan shaped (Phakellia ventilabrum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000316 flagelliform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Shaped as a single, very long, erect branch (Raspailia viminalis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000317 flexuous spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Referring to the spicule shape. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000318 floricome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000274 discohexaster Discohexaster with S-shaped terminal rays that end in a plate provided with teeth or claws http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000319 foliaceous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology In the form of a leaf (Carteriospongia foliacens) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000320 follicle cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell in a group surrounding an oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000321 foramen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore Circular pore in laminae connecting adjoining interlamellar spaces (fo in figure, which also shows cc = choanocyte chamber; ct = crypt tissue; sk = rigid aspicular skeleton; spi = spicule; and ta = tabula). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000322 forceps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A U-shaped microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000323 fragile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Easily broken. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000324 fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Breakup of a sponge without concomitant formation of special reproductive bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000325 free actine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000106 actine ray A ray that projects through the external or the atrial surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000326 friable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Easily broken, delicate, brittle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000327 fuchsinophilic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell with inclusions that react positively with acid fuchsin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000329 gastralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule All spicules that line the main exhalant cavity. See AUTOGASTRALIA, HYPOGASTRALIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000330 gemmule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000900 reproductive body A resistant asexual reproductive body, composed of a mass of archaeocytes charged with reserves and enclosed in a noncellular protective envelope or coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000331 globoferous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell with a single large globule, a reduced cytoplasm, and a small conical nucleus (Clathriidae) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000332 globular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Ball shaped, spherical (Tethya aurantium) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000333 glutinous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality Sticky (Reniera mucosa). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000334 glycocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell with conspicuous dictyosomes, characterized by the presence of glycogen rosettes and osmiophilic inclusions. Also known as gray cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000335 graphicome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with long, thin, parallel branches forming terminal brushes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000336 halichondrioid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000229 confused skeleton Confused skeleton except at the surface; choanosomal skeleton may be in vague tracts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000337 hard http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Firm consistency, unyielding to pressure (most lithis tids, species of Petrosia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000338 hastate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule remaining isodiametric for most of its length, with the point or points tapering abruptly. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000339 heloclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Desma with elongate and usually sinuous shaft, without branches, possibly with small digitations at the ends; the zygomes are lateral notches. An axial canal is usually found along most of the length of the spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000340 hemioxyhexaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster in which two opposite rays are longer than the other four; the branched rays are reduced or absent (genus Aphrocallistes) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000341 hexactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000031 siliceous spicule Siliceous spicule with six unbranched rays perpendicular to one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000342 hexadisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000403 microhexactin Microhexactin with six actins ending in amphidisclike umbels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Microsclere with six branched rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000344 hilum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression A more or less distinct, funnel-shaped depression in the surface of a STERRASTER, situated on one side in ellipsoidal forms; also occurs in ASPIDASTERS in reduced form, resembling an umbilicus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000345 hispid surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with long and scattered spicular projections (Stelletta spp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000346 hispidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicules projecting through the pinacoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000347 homogeneous fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber A fiber without central pith and without conspicuous layers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000348 honeycombed surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with polygonal pattern of ridges (Verongula gigantea) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000349 hymedesmioid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton of encrusting sponge where monactine megascleres are arranged singly with heads fixed to a basal plate of spongin and points directed outward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000350 hypodermalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000252 dermalia Dermalia with one actin protruding inside the body and the other ones tangential to the external surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000351 hypogastralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000329 gastralia Gastralia with one actin protruding inward, the other ones oriented tangentially to the atrium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000352 inarticulate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000201 choanoskeleton Choanoskeleton composed only of the unpaired rays of the subatrial spicules and of one of the rays of the cortical or subcortical spicules. Without specific spicules of the choanoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000353 incompressible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Not easily squeezed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000354 infundibuliform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Funnel shaped (Callyspongia plicifera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000355 inhalant canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal Any canal forming part of the inhalant system and lined by the prosopinacoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000356 inhalant system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system Part of the aquiferous system between ostia and prosopyle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000357 intermedia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000445 parenchymalia Parenchymalia situated among the principalia or dictyonalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000358 interstitial spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000951 choanosomal spicule Free choanosomal spicule not included in tracts or fibers, common in subectosomal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000360 irciniid filament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Long, slender (0.5-15 urn thick) spongin element, terminally knobbed; intertwined or free in the sponge body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000361 irregular microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Structure in which tangled crystal fibers have no preferred orientation (e.g., genus Vaceletia). Shape and nature of the crystal fiber may be diverse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela A chela with equal ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000364 isodictyal reticulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000499 reticulate skeleton Isotropic reticulation in which the meshes are triangular and have sides one spicule long http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000365 isotropic reticulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000499 reticulate skeleton Reticulation without differentiation into primary or secondary fibers, tracts, or lines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000366 lamellate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Plate-like erect (Phyllospongia lamellosa). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000367 lamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000935 calcareous plate Calcareous plate in stromatoporoids, perpendicular to radial skeletal components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000368 laminated fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber A fiber in which concentric layers are visible http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000369 latilamina http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000935 calcareous plate A macroscopic, banded calcareous skeletal plate in stromatoporoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000370 lax (= loose, vague) skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton lacking clear tracts or fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000371 leuconoid system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000143 aquiferous system Aquiferous system in which the choanocytes are restricted to discrete choanocyte chambers, which are dispersed in the mesohyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000372 limp http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Soft to the point of collapsing out of water. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000373 line of spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Unispicular tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000374 linked spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Spicules that are interlocked by zygosis, without cement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000376 lipostomous surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Condition of a surface in which oscula and ostia are inconspicuous (in old descriptions). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000377 lithistid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Main skeleton consisting of an interlocked assemblage of desmas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000378 lobate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Having rounded projections. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000381 lophocalthrop http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000180 calthrop Modified calthrop with one (monoloph), three (triloph), or four (tetraloph) rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000382 lophocome (= lophodiscohexaster) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000274 discohexaster Discohexaster with short, stout main rays and numerous slender secondary rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000384 lychnisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000341 hexactin Hexactin with a center resembling a perforated octohedron; building block of fused (dictyonal) framework called LYCHNISCA (lower two lychnics shown in optical section). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000385 lychnisca http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Dictyonal hexactin framework formed by lychnises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000386 lyssacine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Spicular framework formed by the juxtaposition and interlacing of elongate rays of hexactins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000387 mamelon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Rounded regular or irregular elevation of the skeleton surface; may or may not show correlation with astrorhizae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000388 marginalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000484 prostalia Prostalia that project in a wreath-like arrangement from the oscular margin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000389 massive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Large, compact structure without definable shape (Spongia officinalis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000390 megaclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Arch-shaped desma with a short crepis. The zygomes vary from oblique lateral facets to tongue- or hand-like terminal expansions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000391 megarhizoclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000262 dicranoclone Nontuberculate dicranoclone desma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000393 mesolamella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Sheet of collagen separating the choanochambers of hexactinellids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000394 mesotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the rhabd is extended beyond the cladome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000395 mesotrider http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000585 tetraclone Tetraclone with a mesotriaene crepis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000396 metaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A microsclere with a twisted shaft no longer than the spines; intermediate between plesiaster and spi raster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000398 microanchor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure A small tetractine anchor (described only from the atrial skeleton). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000399 microcionid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Structure of microcionid sponges in which spicules project from an elevation of the basal plate of spongin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000400 microdiactin spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine A small diactine spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000401 microgranular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000704 granular cell A cell with cytoplasm filled with small dense granules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000402 microgranular microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Diverse structure in which small, round elements are scattered http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000403 microhexactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Hexactin microsclere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000404 microholactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Large category of microscleres lacking spines and appendages (Monorhaphis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000405 microlamellar microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Structure in which the crystal fibers are disposed in criss-cross layers, mostly parallel to the surface of the skeleton (e.g., genus Acanthochaetetes) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000406 micropyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity Opening in the gemmule coat through which cells leave a hatching gemmule (mp in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000407 microrhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A general term for a straight, monaxonic microsclere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000410 microsymbiont http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Prokaryotic or more rarely eukaryotic microorganism living inside a sponge. May be unicellular or multicellular filamentous, with or without pigments, and may occur intra- or intercellularly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000411 monaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine Reduced triaene with only one clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000412 monaxonic megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Linear, nonradiate spicule, or a spicule type not having more than two rays along one axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000413 mucronate megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the nipple-like point of a megasclere. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000414 multispicular fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber Fiber or tract composed of six or more spicules adjacent to one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000415 needle-like biradiate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine A diactine with a hole at one end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000416 node http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Junction of spicule tips cemented by spongin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000417 nurse cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cells that are incorporated in developing oocytes to provide nutrient material for further growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000418 octactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule with eight rays, generally six in one plane, the other two perpendicular to them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000419 octaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Octactin microsclere with branched rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000421 onychaete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A long, thin, finely spined, asymmetric microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000422 onychaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with terminal rays ending in four actins that are perpendicular to the rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000423 optic axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000909 ray axis The crystallographic trigonal axis of the calcite spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000424 orthodiactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000255 diactin Diactin in which the two rays belong to different axes of a triaxon and form an angle of 90 degrees http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000425 orthogonal microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Microstructure in which the crystal fibers are in perpendicular and radial orientation relative to a central axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000426 orthotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the clads are directed at right angles to the rhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000429 ovate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Egg shaped, ellipsoid (Cinachyrella) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000430 oviparity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000907 mode of reproduction Mode of reproduction in which embryo develops outside the parent sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000431 oxea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine Monaxon (diactinal) spicule pointed at both ends (a-m in figure). Different types are distinguished by shape and tip morphology. Shape may be fusiform (a), angulate (b), centrotylote (c), curved (d), or flexuous (e). Tips may be acerate (f), asymmetrical (g), blunt (h), conical (i), hastate (j), mucronate (k), stepped (1), or symmetrical (m). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000433 oxyaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000295 euaster An euaster with acerate free rays and a small centrum less than one-third the diameter of the whole spicule) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000434 paired actine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000106 actine ray One or both equivalent rays of a sagittal spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000435 palisade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Perpendicular arrangement of ectosomal spicules, with points directed outward http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000436 palmate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Hand shaped (Isodictya palmata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000437 palmate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela An iso- or anisochela in which the lateral alae coalesce with the shaft over their entire length, and the single, median, anterior ala (one at each end) stands free and widens distally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000439 papilla http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000906 surface protruberance Nipple-like protuberance projecting from the sponge surface and bearing either ostia, oscula, or both. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000440 papillate surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface bearing papillae (Polymastia spp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000441 pappocome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Graphicome-like spicule with diverging terminal rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000442 parasagittal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000030 calcareous spicule Bilaterally symmetrical triactine or tetractine with unequal actines, having equal angles (120 degrees) between the basal rays when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000443 paratangential skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Arrangement of ectosomal spicules intermediate between the palisade and tangential type http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000444 parchment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000280 ectosomal skeleton Tangential ectosomal skeleton in which the megascleres are arranged in a tight feltwork http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000445 parenchymalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules All spicules in the choanosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000446 parenchymella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva Larva composed of an envelope of flagellated cells surrounding an internal mass of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000447 paucispicular fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber Fiber or tract with two to five megascleres adjacent to one another http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000448 pedunculate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Supported by a short stalk containing choanosome (Aplysina pedunculata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000449 pentactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Five-rayed spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000450 phyllotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene with a leaf-shaped cladome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000451 pillar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000998 skeletal element of sponge Radial skeletal component, relatively short compared with COLUMN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000454 pinnate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Feather shaped (Asbestopluma pennatula) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000455 pinule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Pentact or hexact spicule with four basal rays and one perpendicular ray ornamented by obliquely set spines directed distally. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000456 pith http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Central area of a fiber made up of more or less diffuse wisps of collagen or of a coarsely granular collagen material. See PITHED FIBER. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000457 pithed fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber A fiber in which pith is easily distinguished from the surrounding bark. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000458 placochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela A special type of isochela with plate-like alae. The alae and the shaft are internally ornamented by radial ridges (genus Guitarra) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000459 plagiotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the clads are directed forward and form with the rhabd an angle of about 45 degrees, and may be recurved distally http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000460 platy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality Thickly lamellate, usually in horizontal orientation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000461 plesiaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000562 streptaster A streptaster with a very short shaft (always shorter than the spines) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000462 pleuralia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicules protruding from lateral surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000463 plumoreticulate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton A type of plumose skeletal construction in which cross-connections occur http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000464 plumose skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton A type of skeletal construction made of primary fibers or spicule tracts from which skeletal elements radiate obliquely http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000465 pocket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000162 bacteriocyte Special kind of bacteriocyte that surrounds an area of the intercellular matrix, including microsymbionts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000466 polymorphic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Occurring in different shapes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000467 polytylote megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Megasclere with several annular swelling along its shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000468 pore groove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression A furrow in the ectosome where the ostia are located http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000469 pore sieve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression A specialized area of the ectosome with a cluster of ostia and an underlying inhalant cavity called the vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000470 porocalyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression Cup-shaped depressions with pore-sieves, typical of some genera of Tetillidae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000472 posterior pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000912 pole of larva Pole opposite to anterior pole when larva is swimming, often without flagella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000473 posticum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000018 osculum Cf. apopore (= osculum); in fossil sponges. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000474 primary fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber An ascending fiber ending at a right angle to the surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000475 primary calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000920 calcareous skeleton Initially formed skeletal components http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000476 primary spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere The major structural megasclere in any particular sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000477 primary spicule framework http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres Framework of spicules around which a cement is deposited http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000478 principalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Spicules making up main skeletal framework http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000479 prosochete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000355 inhalant canal In fossil sponges, inhalant canal leading to prosopore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000480 prosodus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000355 inhalant canal A small inhalant canal leading to a prosopyle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000481 prosopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000285 endopinacocyte Endopinacocyte lining the inhalant canals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000482 prosopinacoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000286 endopinacoderm Surface lined by prosopinacocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000484 prostalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules Spicules protruding from a surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000485 protoclad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure The proximal, unbranched portion of a branched ray. See DICHOTRIAENE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000486 protorhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure The original simple shaft of ornamented monaxons and of triaenes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000487 protriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the clads are directed or sharply curved forward, away from the rhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000488 pseudocalyx http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000998 skeletal element of sponge One of a group of skeletal tubes - closely packed together, mostly hexagonal in shape and containing the live material - that resemble the calices or corallites of cnidarians. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000489 pseudogemmule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000929 multicellular anatomical structure Accumulation of gemmular archaeocytes (crypt cells, tract cells) in basal cavities of a solid calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000490 pseudosagittal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine A subcortical triactine essentially sagittal, but having unequally long and differently curved rays on each side of the unpaired angle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000491 punctate surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface appearing dotted because of microscopic pores. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000493 radiate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton A type of skeleton in which the structural components diverge from a central region toward the sponge surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000494 raphide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A very thin, hair-like microsclere, often in bundles called trichodragmas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000495 reduction body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000929 multicellular anatomical structure A multicellular mass resulting from the disorganization of a sponge and presumably capable of reorganizing into a new functional sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000496 regular spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Triactine or tetractine spicule with basal rays of equal length, and with equal angles (120 degrees) between them, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000497 repent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Growing along or just above the substrate, simple or branching, attaching to the substrate at intervals (Hali clona simulans) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000498 resilient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Resumes original shape after deformation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000499 reticulate skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Three-dimensional network of fibers, tracts, lines, or single spicules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000500 rhabd http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000045 spicule ray A collective term for a monaxonic megasclere, later applied to the one ray of a triaene that is distinct from the other three, mostly in length (= rhabdome). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000502 rhabdodiactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000255 diactin Diactin in which the two rays are aligned in a single axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000503 rhabdome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000500 rhabd The rhabd of a triaene and of a triaene-derived spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000504 rhabdostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000567 style A style with a pronounced basal bend. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000506 rhizoclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000947 monaxial desma Nontuberculate irregular monaxial desma, with spiny to root-like zygomes that are usually mainly lateral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000507 ribbed surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with series of ridges (Xestospongia muta) ; ridges not necessarily parallel, as in CORRUGATED. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000508 rigid aspicular skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000901 rigid skeleton Skeleton that originates from the direct secretion of aspicular elements made up of calcium carbonate; siliceous or calcareous spicules may be secondarily entrapped in the skeleton during the growth process (sk in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000509 rigid spicular skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000901 rigid skeleton A skeleton in which the main framework is first made up of fused or linked spicules that may later be invested by an aspicular cement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000510 rooted http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Anchored to or into substrate with root-like processes (Pheronema grayi). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000511 rubbery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Resilient and tough. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000512 rugose surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Having a rough and ridged surface (Topsentia spp.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000513 sagittal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Triactine or tetractine with two equal angles (paired angles) and one dissimilar angle (unpaired angle) at the center, when projected into a plane perpendicular to the optic axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000514 sanidaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A rhabd-derived, straight microsclere having spines at intervals along the entire length. Spines along the shaft are perpendicular to the axis and may or may not be spirally arranged; those at the ends diverge obliquely (e.g., genera Tribrachium, Disyringa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000515 sarule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000518 sceptrule Sceptrule with one end swollen and ornamented with distally directed spines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000516 scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Disc-shaped microsclere forming ectosomal ('dermal') armor (genus Lepidosphera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000517 scepter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000388 marginalia Uncinate marginalia, with spiny shaft acerated at one end; terminating in four very short actins at the other (Pheronematidae, genus Semperella) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000518 sceptrule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A small, prostal monactin spicule exhibiting peculiar secondary developments at one end (order Hexactinosa). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000519 schizorhysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 anatomical system In fossil sponges, continuous system of interconected canal spaces (Tretodictyidae). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000521 sclerodermite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Aggregate of crystals forming a microstructural unit of the calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000522 scopule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000518 sceptrule Fork-like sceptrule with one end branched (leptoscopule, pachyscopule). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000523 secondary fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber that links the primary fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000524 secondary calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000920 calcareous skeleton Skeletal components formed after the deposition of the primary calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000525 selenaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000549 spiraster (= spinispira) A special type of spiraster approaching the shape of a sterraster (genus Placospongia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000526 sessile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate Permanently attached to substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000527 sieve plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000910 plate Perforated plate that extends over the broad terminal opening of some tubular-shaped Hexactinellida (Euplectella). See "Architecture and Spicules of Hexactinellida" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000529 sigma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A microsclere of C or S shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000530 sigmaspire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A contorted-sigmoid microspined microsclere (family Tetillidae) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000531 sigmatocome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with long, S-shaped terminal rays (Dictyaulus) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000938 organism subdivision All structures supporting and protecting the sponge body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000533 smooth surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface without any projections (Chondrosia reniformis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000534 soft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Yielding to pressure, easily torn. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000535 spatuliferous-anchorate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000123 anchorate chela An anchorate chela (usually isochela) having alae that are completely free from the shaft and that are spatulate or shaped like anchor teeth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000536 spermiocyst http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Modified, encysted spermatozoid transported by a carrier cell to the oocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000537 sphaerancora http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela Modified isochela, consisting of two ellipsoid ridged plates intersecting at right angles (genus Melonanchora) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000538 sphaeroclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000121 anaxial desma Anaxial desma in which several ray-like arms extend from one side of a globular centrum that is spiny on the other side http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000539 sphaerohexactin (sphaerohexact) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000341 hexactin Hexactin with rays ending in spherical knobs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000540 sphaerohexaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Hexaster with terminal rays ending in spherical knobs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000541 spheraster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000295 euaster An euaster with short rays and a thick centrum; the diameter of the centrum (more than one-half the total diameter) exceeds the length of the rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000542 spheroxyaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000295 euaster Euaster with a discrete centrum that is more than one-third the total diameter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000543 spherulitic microstructure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure Globular (centric or excentric) arrangement of crystal fibers radiating from a common center (e.g., genus Astrosclerd) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000544 spherulous cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell Cell filled with large round spherules that occupy almost the entire cell body, compressing the cytoplasm into thin sheets (sp in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000545 spiculation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality General term for spicule complement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000547 spiculoid spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A spongin component of the skeleton that has the form of a diactinal, triactinal, or polyactinal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000548 spiny surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with scattered, stiff, and sharp spicular or fiber projections (Pleraplysilla spinifera) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000549 spiraster (= spinispira) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Spiral, rod-shaped microsclere with spines peripherally arranged. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000550 spirodiscohexaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000274 discohexaster Discohexaster with a bunch of terminal, spirally twisted rays (genus Rhabdodictyum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000553 statoblast http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000330 gemmule Particular gemmule that lacks a complex spongin coat and is covered externally by megascleres; typical of the freshwater Potamolepidae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000554 stauractin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000341 hexactin Reduced hexactin with four rays all arranged in one plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000555 stauraster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000343 hexaster Reduced hexaster with four rays all arranged in one plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000556 stepped megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of a megasclere. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000557 sterraster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere A spherical or ellipsoidal microsclere in which the numerous rays are fused and end in stellate terminations (e.g., genus Geodia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000559 stipitate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality Supported by a long stalk (Stylocordyla stipitata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000560 stoloniferous http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality Condition in which distinct, massive parts of a sponge are interconnected by repent, rope-like structures (Haliclona tubifera). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000562 streptaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000902 aster Aster in which the rays proceed from an axis that is usually spiral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000563 strobiloplumicome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality Plumicome with numerous slender terminal rays arranged in two concentric circles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000564 strongylaster (= chiaster) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000902 aster Aster with free, isodiametric, blunt rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000565 strongyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine An isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with rounded ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000566 strongyloxea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000431 oxea A fusiform oxea with one end blunt. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000567 style http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002043 monactine Monaxon spicule with one end pointed, the other (head or base) blunt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000568 subatrial spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Sagittal spicule with paired rays adjacent to the atrial skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000569 subcortical spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A pseudosagittal triactine, with unpaired actine and a shorter paired actine adjacent to the cortex, or a tetractine with basal triradiate system adjacent to the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000572 sublithistid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton consisting of a loose assemblage of desmas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000573 subtylostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000619 tylostyle Tylostyle with one end pointed, the other with a slight swelling or knob; the swelling, more or less distinct, may be displaced along the shaft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000574 sulcate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Furrowed with longitudinal, or meandering (gyriform), parallel channels (Myrmekioderma styx) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000575 syconoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000143 aquiferous system Aquiferous system with elongated choanocyte chamber containing free distal cones or extending from cortex to atrium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000576 sylleibid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000143 aquiferous system Aquiferous system with elongate choanocyte chambers arranged radially around invagination of the atrial cavity (Leucilla uter) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000577 symmetrical megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000578 synapticule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Bridges composed of siliceous cement joining spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000579 tabula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000910 plate Plate or floor that partitions the basal part of a skeletal cavity (ta in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000580 tabulate osculum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000018 osculum Osculum in stromatoporoids that has been repeatedly partitioned by secondarily deposited tabulae. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000581 tangential skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000280 ectosomal skeleton Ectosomal skeleton arranged parallel to the surface (figure shows upper right, view from the top). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000582 tangential spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule arranged parallel to the surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000583 tauactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000599 triactin Large, smooth triactin (genus Monorhaphis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000584 tertiary fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000305 fiber In a reticulate skeleton, a fiber interconnecting the secondary fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000585 tetraclone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma Tetraxial desma that does not show a triaenose symmetry; the zygomes are typically terminal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000586 tetractin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine Spicule with four rays in one plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A spicule with four rays (in figure, sagittal tetractine at the top and regular tetractine at the bottom). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000588 tetradisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Microsclere with four actins ending in amphidisc like umbels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000589 tetrapocillum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000363 isochela A rare, modified isochela having two small disks both at the extremities and in the middle of a straight shaft; the two in the middle are fused (genus Tetrapocillon) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000590 thaumatochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000126 anisochela A rare, minute anisochela with the smaller extremity jar- or slipper-shaped and partly enveloped by four alae issuing from the opposite end and forming an umbrella-like structure (Mycale thaumatochela). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000591 thesocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000016 archaeocyte Vitelline-rich archaeocyte in a sponge gemmule (th in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000592 thraustoxa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Toxa-like, smooth to spinose microsclere, double- bent in the middle and often with central swelling (genus Rhabderemia) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000593 tignule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000255 diactin Gigantic, isolated diactin (Hyalonema toxeres). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000594 tornote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine A straight, isodiametric, diactinal megasclere with conical or mucronate extremities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000595 tough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality Resistant to tearing (Ircinia). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000596 toxa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere Bow-shaped microsclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000597 trabecular tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Syncytia in hexactinellids occurring around the choanochambers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000598 tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres A column of aligned megascleres. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000599 triactin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine Spicule with three rays in one plane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule A spicule with three rays. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000587 tetractine General term for a tetractinal megasclere having one unequal ray (termed rhabd) that is commonly much longer than the other three (termed clads, forming the cladome). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000602 triaxone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule with three axes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000603 trichaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000335 graphicome Graphicome (genus Trichasterina). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000604 trichimella http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva Hexactinellid larva, distinguished by median zone with multiflagellated mononucleate cells between anterior and posterior poles; with special larval stauractin skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000605 trichodragma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules A bundle of raphids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000606 trichotriaene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000601 triaene A triaene in which the clads are trifurcate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000607 trichox http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000412 monaxonic megasclere Thin, hair-like straight monaxon spicules present in general around the osculum or protruding from the cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000608 tridentate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000192 chela A chela with three free alae. See also ANCHORATE CHELA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000609 trider http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000585 tetraclone Variant of tetraclone, with triaenose symmetry and three similar arms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000610 triod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000600 triactine Triact in which the rays are equal, straight, in one plane, and diverging at an angle of 120 degrees. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000611 tripod http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000610 triod A modified triod with rays forming a regular pyramid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000612 trophocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000417 nurse cell Nurse cell involved in the initial stages of gemmule and oocyte formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000613 truncaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000902 aster Aster with crowded, blunt rays (genus Rhabdastrella). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000614 tuberculate spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule ornamented with blunt knobs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000615 tubular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Shape of hollow, erect cylinder (Aplysina fistularis) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000616 turbinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Resembling an inverted cone (Cribochalina vasculum) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000617 tylaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000902 aster Aster with free, microtylote rays http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000618 tyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any rounded swelling or knob in a spicule (c in figure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000619 tylostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000567 style A style with a tyle (globular swelling) at the base http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000620 tylote http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine Diactinal megasclere with a swelling on each end http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000621 uncinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000256 diactine Diactin covered with short spines directed distally (barbule); size classes are designated by macrouncinate, microuncinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000622 unequal megasclere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000098 megasclere Adjective referring to the extremities of megascleres. See also ANISO-. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000623 unguiferous-anchorate chela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000123 anchorate chela An anchorate chela in which the recurved processes are in the form of claws or sickles and are normally connected to the shaft by expansions called falces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000624 unispicular fiber, tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres A single aligned row of megascleres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000625 unpaired actine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000106 actine ray In sagittal spicules, the ray of a triactine or of a triradiate basal system of a tetractine lying in the plane of bilateral symmetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000627 velvety surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface with dense, short spicular projections, feeling soft and smooth to the touch. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000628 verrucose surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Warty (genus Tethya) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000629 verticillate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule Spicule ornamented by whirls (e.g., genus Agelas) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000630 vesicular http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Hollow, bladder-like (Inflatella belli). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000631 vestibule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000355 inhalant canal Subectosomal cavity. An inhalant aquiferous cavity close to the surface (see also PORE SIEVE). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000632 villose surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface Surface shaggy, with dense, long spicular bundles (Rosella villosa) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000633 viviparity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000907 mode of reproduction Mode of reproduction in which internal fertilization and incubation of the embryo occur inside the parent sponge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000634 zygome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Part of a desma that interlocks with another spicule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000635 zygosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure Mode of junction between siliceous and calcareous tetraradiates characterized by the interlocking of their terminal or lateral expansions; cement, if present, is secondary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000902 aster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere stellate spicule where where 1-6 primary rays undergo terminal branching to form secondary rays (differs from definition used for desmosponges) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000954 microstrongyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000097 microsclere microsclere with both ends blunted[WP] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000957 pinnule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000449 pentactin A pentact with large spines on the non-planar ray[WP] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000960 silicatein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000959 protein enzyme which catalyzes the formation of silicate polymers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000961 silicase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000959 protein enzyme in sponges, proposed to be involved in silica restructuring and maintenance. The proposed mechanism involves bound zinc acting as a Lewis acid catalyst to break the silicate ester bond between silicon and oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0001000 fusiform http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology Shape of a monactin spicule, tapering regularly toward an end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002001 acantho http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000101 spined has spines; applies only to spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002036 smooth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology PATO_0000701 A texture quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's posessing a surface free of roughness or irregularities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002038 size class http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000051 morphology number of size categories http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002043 monactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000412 monaxonic megasclere Megasclere with a single actine (one ray or one point) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545 electron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36338 lepton Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000548579903(13) u, or 0.51099906(15) MeV. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36338 lepton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36340 fermion Lepton is a fermion that does not experience the strong force (strong interaction). The term is derived from the Greek lambdaepsilonpitauomicronsigma (small, thin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77746 human metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75768 mammalian metabolite Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64047 food additive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component Any substance which is added to food to preserve or enhance its flavour and/or appearance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36340 fermion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle Particle of half-integer spin quantum number following Fermi-Dirac statistics. Fermions are named after Enrico Fermi. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36343 composite particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A subatomic particle known to have substructure (i.e. consisting of smaller particles). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36344 hadron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36343 composite particle Hadron is a subatomic particle which experiences the strong force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role which describes how a drug interacts within a biological system and how the interactions affect its medicinal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64389 biogenic silica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64393 hydrated silica A biogenic mineral comprised of hydrated silica. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64391 biogenic mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64392 biogenic substance Any biogenic substance that has undergone transformation through the action of geological processes. Thus the term does not include compounds produced entirely by biological processes, such as shells of marine molluscs, oxalate crystals in plant tissues, etc., but does include the constituents of limestones and phosphorites derived from marine organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64392 biogenic substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance Any chemical substance produced by life processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64393 hydrated silica http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46662 mineral A mineral comprised of silicon dioxide, with variable amounts of water in its formula. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75787 prokaryotic metabolite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212 metabolite Any metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in prokaryotes, the taxon that include members of domains such as the bacteria and archaea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000225 comitalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000445 parenchymalia Parenchymalia located close and parallel to principalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000280 ectosomal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton Skeleton found in the superficial region of a sponge, distinct from that of the choanosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000003 reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005886 plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044765 single-organism transport An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016050 vesicle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 macromolecular complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043234 protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 macromolecular complex A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044422 organelle part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044425 membrane part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044441 ciliary part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044463 cell projection part Any constituent part of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044459 plasma membrane part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044425 membrane part Any constituent part of the plasma membrane, the membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044463 cell projection part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part Any constituent part of a cell projection, a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044699 single-organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process A biological process that involves only one organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044425 membrane part Any protein complex that is part of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902578 single-organism localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization A localization which involves only one organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098590 plasma membrane region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044459 plasma membrane part A membrane that is a (regional) part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46720 carbonate mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46721 carbonate salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25696 organic anion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25699 organic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35155 elemental calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22985 calcium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35156 calcium salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36364 alkaline earth salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46721 carbonate salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23016 carbonates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25213 metal cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30412 monoatomic dication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23906 monoatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000703 bromotyrosin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000959 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36914 inorganic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24836 inorganic oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741 oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36364 alkaline earth salt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23906 monoatomic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24867 monoatomic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33238 monoatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25699 organic ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39124 calcium ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35155 elemental calcium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33513 alkaline earth cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33327 silicon oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24836 inorganic oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25585 nonmetal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22985 calcium molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33299 alkaline earth molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25806 oxygen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22313 alkaline earth metal atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33559 s-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33306 carbon group element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33560 p-block element atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26677 silicon molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36915 inorganic cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36916 cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36961 chalcocarbonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39123 calcium cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33513 alkaline earth cation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000907 mode of reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000927 structural quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002035 growth_form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000001 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001405 anucleate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0002505 nucleated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000006 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001404 nucleate quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001396 cellular quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33937 macronutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33284 nutrient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43176 hydroxy group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33246 inorganic group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000003 native cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000701 spermatid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000039 germ line cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000548 animal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46719 calcite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46720 carbonate mineral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33608 hydrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048870 cell motility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006996 organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902589 single-organism organelle organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044763 single-organism cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007143 female meiotic division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007126 meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007292 female gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007276 gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048477 oogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007292 female gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044424 intracellular part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044464 cell part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007276 gamete generation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044702 single organism reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005902 microvillus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098858 actin-based cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000906 surface protruberance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000909 ray axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000910 plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000912 pole of larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000915 chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000917 groove, pit or depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000929 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000938 organism subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000997 arm of trider http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000998 skeletal element of sponge http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005423 developing anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000022 spongocoel lining http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000923 cell component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000908 anatomical axis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000991 cavity of canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000033 calcium carbonate exoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000045 spicule ray http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000094 crystal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000904 collagen fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000922 substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000928 gemmule coat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002004 spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000476 acellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002042 mineral skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000700 body layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000926 sponge larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002548 larva http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000900 reproductive body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005156 reproductive structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000006 sponge larval cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000012 secretory cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000702 spongiocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000704 granular cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000914 flagellated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000931 crypt cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000932 tract cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000000 sponge cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000010 cruciform cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000006 sponge larval cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000047 maternal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000006 sponge larval cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000031 siliceous spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000032 spongin spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000911 ectosomal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000951 choanosomal spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000017 spicule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000936 choanocyte-lined radial canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000937 choanocyte-lined filter chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000025 choanocyte chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000038 dermal pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000035 pore http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000041 flagellated canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000039 canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000096 arrangement of megascleres http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000943 macramphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000116 amphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000944 mesamphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000116 amphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000945 micramphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000116 amphidisc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002027 anisochela I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000126 anisochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002028 anisochela II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000126 anisochela http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000941 bifurcate clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000206 clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000942 trifurcate clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000206 clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000940 triaene clad http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000207 cladome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000947 monaxial desma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000253 desma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000933 flagellated endopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000914 flagellated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000934 flagellated exopinacocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000914 flagellated cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000918 hilum of sterraster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000344 hilum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000919 hilum of aspidaster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000344 hilum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000901 rigid skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000920 calcareous skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000532 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002002 acanthostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000567 style http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000706 large dense membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000705 membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000707 large granular membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000705 membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000708 small granular membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000705 membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000709 exopinacoderm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000905 sponge surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000935 calcareous plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000910 plate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000705 membrane-bound inclusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000923 cell component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000924 nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000923 cell component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000930 envelope of flagellated cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000929 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002005 verticillate acanthostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002002 acanthostyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000921 relationship to substrate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002035 growth_form http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007126 meiotic nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007281 germ cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040011 locomotion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044763 single-organism cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044699 single-organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1903046 meiotic cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044702 single organism reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048609 multicellular organismal reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022414 reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044702 single organism reproductive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044699 single-organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044767 single-organism developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044699 single-organism process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048856 anatomical structure development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032502 developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098858 actin-based cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043227 membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044424 intracellular part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022412 cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044763 single-organism cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006928 movement of cell or subcellular component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044763 single-organism cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044763 single-organism cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044767 single-organism developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000280 nuclear division http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048285 organelle fission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 cell development http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048869 cellular developmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043231 intracellular membrane-bounded organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043229 intracellular organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000014 cell part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000003 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CARO_0000006 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50906 role A role is particular behaviour which a material entity may exhibit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36342 subatomic particle A particle smaller than an atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000113 amorphous Without definite shape. To be rejected, vague term. See MASSIVE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000125 aniso- Prefix meaning unequal; generally referring to the ends of a spicule; see ANISOCHELA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000128 anomoclone To be rejected. See ASTROCLONE, SPHAEROCLONE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000131 antho- Prefix meaning thorny. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000132 anthosigma A special form of spiraster (genus Anthosig mella; = Cliona); to be rejected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000139 apopore To be rejected; in fossil sponges, an opening forming an exit from an apochete (= osculum). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000163 bark The dense area of compacted spongin surrounding the central zone in pithed fibers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000171 blastula Term to be rejected. See COELOBLASTULA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000219 coenosteum Term for cnidarians, used for the solid skeleton in stromatoporoids; to be rejected for sponges in favor of rigid calcareous skeleton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000226 comma A curved microstyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000232 corallite (= calyx) In cnidarians, term for the external skeleton of a polyp; to be rejected for sponges in favor of PSEUDOCALYX. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000240 cri- Prefix indicating spiral or annulate ornamentation, as in cricalthrop (genus Sphinctrella) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000243 crystal ultrastructure Organization of the skeletal crystals observed after special preparation showing the relationship between organic and mineral phases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000248 dendritic To be rejected for habit (term used as a descriptor of skeleton, see "Architecture of the Skeleton of Demospongiae"). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000251 dendroreticulate fiber skeleton Ambiguous, to be rejected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000270 discaster A collective term for DISCORHABD and SCEPTRUM; to be rejected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000315 flagellated chamber To be rejected. See CHOANOCYTE CHAMBER and CHOANOCHAMBER. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000328 obsolete fusiform spicule Shape of a monactin spicule, tapering regularly toward a point. See OXEA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000359 intracellular pore Term to be rejected. See PORE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000362 iso- Prefix meaning equal (generally referring to the ends of a spicule). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000375 lipo- Prefix meaning without. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000379 lobodigitate To be rejected (tautology). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000397 micro- Prefix used for naming microscleres that are similar in shape to megascleres (e.g., microxea, microstyle). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000409 microstructure The arrangement of crystals that form the skeletal components, as seen without special preparations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000420 olynthus stage Earliest developmental stage with a functional aquiferous system, with a single choanocyte chamber opening directly into the osculum; typical of some calcareous sponges http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000432 oxy- Prefix referring to radiate spicule types with rays gradually tapering to a point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000438 palmodigitate To be rejected (tautology). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000492 pycnaster A small euaster in which the rays are merely low conules; to be rejected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000505 rhagon stage Earliest functional stage with multiple choanocyte chambers and aquiferous canals, typical for Demospongiae http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000558 sterrospheraster Ball-shaped euaster with numerous conical or flattened, often denticulate or tuberculate protuberances; to be rejected. See STERRASTER. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000561 stomoblastula stage Developmental stage of amphiblastulas that precedes the reversion stage and is characterized by internal flagella and a large opening through which the eversion occurs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000570 subdermal spicule Term to be rejected. See SUBCORTICAL SPICULE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000571 subgastral spicule Term to be rejected. See SUBATRIAL SPICULE. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000626 vallate To be rejected (old-fashioned, heraldic term used to describe massive forms). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002044 obsolete diact Megasclere with two actines (two rays or two points) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000004 obsolete epitheloid monolayer of cells http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000040 obsolete incurrent canal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000042 obsolete flagellated chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000095 arrangement of spicules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000099 obsolete primary skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000963 spiculogenesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002037 obsolete endosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002039 obsolete endosomal_skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002040 obsolete main_skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002041 obsolete principal skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002045 obsolete monactine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0002046 obsolete choanocyte chamber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234 has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present at the beginning of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving Inverse of developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002388 has potential to directly develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 inheres in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 inheres in part of a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002219 surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to x surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies the majority of the outermost boundary of x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps a core relation that holds between a whole and its part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002150 continuous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps a core relation that holds between a part and its whole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 inheres in part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on q inheres in part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002473 composed primarily of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into inverse of develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002255 developmentally contributes to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to inverse of has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002329 part of structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002609 related via dependence to This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002584 has part structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002608 has causal agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Inverse of 'causal agent in' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002221 surrounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to inverse of surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical structure and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002297 results in formation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002354 formed as result of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 bearer of a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056 participates in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003000 produces a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003001 produced by a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002609 related via dependence to A relationship that holds between two entities, where the relationship holds based on the presence or absence of statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#has_functional_parent has functional parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_conjugate_acid_of is conjugate acid of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#is_conjugate_base_of is conjugate base of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/sponge#echinates echinates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PORO_0000946 variant of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/chebi#BFO_0000051 has part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on