human_reference_atlas part of Homo sapiens malleus bone http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Gray916.png malleus anguloarticular - malleus GAID:867 UMLS:C0024631 uberon malleus SCTID:264090005 VHOG:0000690 malleus bone MA:0001216 FMA:52753 According to this theory (Reichert-Gaupp theory), the mammalian stapes is derived from the reptilian columella, the incus from the quadrate and the malleus from the articular (...).[well established][VHOG] Wikipedia:Malleus NCIT:C33051 malleus bone UBERON:0001689 EMAPA:18584 MESH:D008307 The malleus or hammer is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum. The word is Latin for hammer. It transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus. The malleus is unique to mammals, and evolved from a lower jaw bone in basal amniotes called the articular, which still forms part of the jaw joint in reptiles. Embryologically it is derived from the first pharyngeal arch along with the rest of the bones of mastication, such as the maxilla and mandible. [WP,unvetted]. AS splanchnocranium ossicle auditory ossicle endochondral element