Abnormal respiratory system physiology Chronic pulmonary obstruction UMLS:C0024117 An anomaly that is characterized progressive airflow obstruction that is only partly reversible, inflammation in the airways, and systemic effects or comorbities. COPD MSH:D029424 SNOMEDCT_US:13645005 COPD is usually conceptualized as a disease entity. It is heterogeneous histologically and pathogenically, and conventionally includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis, It is included as a phenotype term as COPD is often annotated as a feature of other diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease HP:0006541 HP:0006510 慢阻肺