keratin accumulating cell Keratin-accumulating cells, primarily known as keratinocytes, are a distinctive type of epithelial cells predominantly found in the skin's outermost layer known as the epidermis. These cells are responsible for the production of a unique type of protein called keratin. Keratin is a crucial part of the biological structure and functionality of these cells and is essential in creating a protective barrier for the body. These cells form a protective shield against environmental damage such as UV radiation, harmful microbes, and physical injuries. The primary function of keratinocytes is the synthesis and accumulation of keratin, which undergoes minor modifications such as desquamation and cornification resulting in the formation of a solid and stable protein-rich protective layer on the body's surface. The production of keratin is a highly coordinated and regulated process. The cytoskeleton of these cells is primarily composed of keratin intermediate filaments. During keratinocyte maturation and differentiation, keratin-accumulating cells transit from the basal layer to the outermost layer of the skin during which they synthesize different types of keratins sequentially creating a stratified and structured epidermal layer. Moreover, keratinocytes produce cytokines and chemokines that have defensive roles against pathogenic intruders. Additionally, these cells partake in the inflammation process by signaling immune cells to the area of the injury. Furthermore, keratinocytes play crucial roles in wound healing and skin regeneration. In addition to having a protective and barrier-centric role, keratinocytes are also involved in regulating the rate of water loss from the body, maintaining body temperature, and facilitating sensory perception. (This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.) https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_0000311 ZFA:0009157 stuff accumulating cell