has soma location has soma location capable of expresses expresses has characterizing marker set NS forest marker set of VIP GABAergic interneuron (Human neocortex). interneuron VIP GABAergic interneuron A transcriptomically distinct GABAergic neuron derived from the CGE and that expresses the vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. Its soma is located in the forebrain. The vip GABAergic cortical interneurons are a specific subset of inhibitory neurons found in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Named after the neuropeptide they typically release, vasoactive intestinal peptide, these neurons are also characterized by producing and releasing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. This specific subclass of GABAergic cortical interneurons are among five subclasses recently defined for their marker gene expression, which include Sst, Pvalb, Vip, Lamp5, and Sncg. These interneurons play a critical role in shaping the dynamics of neural circuitry and modulating the balance between excitation and inhibition in neuronal networks. Regarding their function, vip GABAergic cortical interneurons serve as integral regulators of cortical activity. They primarily target other inhibitory interneuron populations such as the somatostatin-expressing sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron and the parvalbumin-expressing pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron. By inhibiting these neuron populations, vip GABAergic cortical interneurons indirectly promote the activity of excitatory neurons, thereby serving as key facilitators of cortical activation and plasticity. They become particularly engaged during complex cognitive tasks and sensory experiences, highlighting their role in information processing and adaptation to environmental changes. Furthermore, vip GABAergic interneurons have a unique feature of long-range axonal projections, allowing their influence to spread over wide cortical areas. Additionally, these cells display diversity in morphological, electrophysiological and molecular properties, indicating their multifunctional role in cortical functioning. Disruptions in the function of vip GABAergic interneurons have been associated with various neurological and psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder, underscoring the importance of these cells for normal brain function. (This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.) https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_4023016 Vip ILX:0770151 VIP-IN Vip GABAergic neuron VIP neuron VIP type VIP interneuron The marker set VIP can identify the Human cell type VIP GABAergic interneuron in the neocortex with a confidence of 0.855531344 (NS-Forest FBeta value). VIP-Expressing GABAergic Neuron VIP interneuron VIP neuron caudal ganglionic eminence derived interneuron gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion, neurotransmission Homo sapiens VIP peptides cerebral cortex