has part glial cell myelinating glial cell Myelinating glial cells are specialized neuroglia that form an insulating layer (myelin sheath) around neuronal axons. One of the main functions of myelinating glial cells is to enhance the speed of signal transmission across neuronal axons while simultaneously saving the neuron's energy. There are two main subclasses: oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and myelinating Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). While both types produce myelin, they differ in their myelination patterns and support functions. Oligodendrocytes, found in the CNS, myelinate multiple axons simultaneously and provide nutritional support to neurons, contributing to nerve cell health. In contrast, Schwann cells in the PNS focus on individual axons and play a crucial role in nerve cell repair and regeneration following injury. (This extended description was generated by ChatGPT and reviewed by the CellGuide team, who added references, and by the CL editors, who approved it for inclusion in CL. It may contain information that applies only to some subtypes and species, and so should not be considered definitional.) A glial cell that myelinates axonal processes. https://cellxgene.cziscience.com/cellguide/CL_4023154 myelin sheath