apoptotic process 凋亡过程 A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. GO:0006915 GO:0006917 GO:0008632 Reactome:REACT_100045 Reactome:REACT_100962 Reactome:REACT_101249 Reactome:REACT_104187 Reactome:REACT_105149 Reactome:REACT_106405 Reactome:REACT_106672 Reactome:REACT_107264 Reactome:REACT_108651 Reactome:REACT_109165 Reactome:REACT_110081 Reactome:REACT_111964 Reactome:REACT_13526 Reactome:REACT_13638 Reactome:REACT_13643 Reactome:REACT_28087 Reactome:REACT_28795 Reactome:REACT_28816 Reactome:REACT_30266 Reactome:REACT_30361 Reactome:REACT_30371 Reactome:REACT_30548 Reactome:REACT_30763 Reactome:REACT_31349 Reactome:REACT_34139 Reactome:REACT_578 Reactome:REACT_77132 Reactome:REACT_77313 Reactome:REACT_77415 Reactome:REACT_78287 Reactome:REACT_78802 Reactome:REACT_79809 Reactome:REACT_82724 Reactome:REACT_83328 Reactome:REACT_85877 Reactome:REACT_86749 Reactome:REACT_86873 Reactome:REACT_87570 Reactome:REACT_88740 Reactome:REACT_88784 Reactome:REACT_89196 Reactome:REACT_90267 Reactome:REACT_91011 Reactome:REACT_91243 Reactome:REACT_93937 Reactome:REACT_94099 Reactome:REACT_95069 Reactome:REACT_95675 Reactome:REACT_97627 Reactome:REACT_99784 Reactome:REACT_99799 Wikipedia:Apoptosis activation of apoptosis apoptosis apoptosis activator activity apoptosis signaling apoptotic cell death apoptotic program apoptotic programmed cell death biological_process caspase-dependent programmed cell death cell suicide cellular suicide commitment to apoptosis induction of apoptosis induction of apoptosis by p53 programmed cell death by apoptosis signaling (initiator) caspase activity type I programmed cell death I型程序性细胞死亡 信号（启动子）半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性 凋亡信号 凋亡引发的程序性细胞死亡 凋亡激活剂活性 凋亡程序 凋亡程序性细胞死亡 凋亡细胞死亡 半胱氨酸蛋白酶依赖的程序性细胞死亡 当细胞接受内部（例如DNA损伤）或外部信号（例如细胞外死亡配体）时开始的程序性细胞死亡过程，并且通过触发执行阶段的一系列生化事件（信号传导阶段）进行。执行阶段是一个凋亡过程的最后一步，通常以细胞聚拢、伪足回缩、细胞体积缩小（固缩）、染色质浓缩、核断裂（核碎裂）、质膜起泡和细胞碎片进入凋亡小体为特征。执行阶段完成后，细胞已经死亡。 生物_过程 细胞凋亡 细胞凋亡激活 细胞凋亡诱导 细胞自杀(cell suicide) 细胞自杀(cellular suicide) 维基百科：凋亡 致力于细胞凋亡 通过p53诱导细胞凋亡 single-organism cellular process 单个有机体的细胞过程