pharmacotherapy chemotherapy chemotherapeutic agent treatment Although this term is used to describe any therapy involving the use of chemical-based agents, it is particularly used to refer to the use of chemical-based agents to treat cancer. Antineoplastic chemotherapy works by arresting or killing the growth and spread of cancer cells. Chemotherapy may also include agents that enhance immune function or alter hormonal activity. treatment with a chemotherapeutic medication treatment with a chemotherapeutic agent OGMS:0000113 chemotherapeutic drug treatment The use of synthetic or naturally-occurring chemicals for the treatment of diseases. NCIT:C15632 treatment with a chemotherapeutic drug