Sequence analysis Microbial ecology Genome resequencing Metabarcoding Environmental DNA (eDNA) DNA metabarcoding eRNA metabarcoding eDNA metabarcoding Taxonomic profiling Environmental RNA (eRNA) Metabarcoding is the barcoding of (environmental) DNA or RNA to identify multiple taxa from the same sample. 1.26 Environmental metabarcoding RNA metabarcoding Environmental sequencing Typically, high-throughput sequencing is performed and the resulting sequence reads are matched to DNA barcodes in a reference database.