obsolete_Renal nutcracker syndrome true true NCS ORDO:Orphanet_71273 MESH:D059228 RNS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019105 Left renal vein entrapment syndrome Gautier Koscielny Renal Nutcracker Phenomenon Renal nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is a condition that occurs when the left renal vein (the vein that carries blood purified by the left kidney) becomes compressed. The signs and symptoms of the condition can vary from person to person. Some affected people may be asymptomatic while others develop severe and persistent symptoms. When present, features of NCS may include blood in the urine (hematuria), orthostatic proteinuria, flank pain and/or abdominal pain. Some cases of mild NCS in children may be due to changes in body proportions associated with growth. Why NCS occurs or becomes symptomatic in adults is less clear. Treatment ranges from surveillance to surgical intervention and is based on the severity of symptoms and their expected reversibility when considering the affected person's age and stage of the syndrome. nutcracker syndrome duplication