Focal cortical dysplasia type III Focal cortical dysplasia type IIId 2018-09-16T11:25:19Z true true http://www.case.edu/EpSO.owl#FocalCorticalDysplasiaTypeIIID https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31085954 peter FCD Type III describes FCD that occurs in combination with hippocampal sclerosis (FCD Type IIIa), with glioneuronal tumors (FCD Type IIIb), adjacent to vascular malformations (FCD Type IIIc) or in association with lesions acquired in early life, such as a previous ischemic injury (FCD Type IIId). A subtype of focal cortical dysplasia type III that is characterized by altered architectural (cortical dyslamination, hypoplasia without six-layered structure) or cytoarchitectural composition (hypertrophic neurons) of the neocortex, which occur adjacent to other lesions acquired during early life (not included into FCD Type IIIa-c). These lesions comprise a large spectrum including traumatic brain injury, glial scarring after prenatal or perinatal ischemic injury or bleeding, and inflammatory or infectious diseases, i.e. Rasmussen encephalitis, limbic encephalitis, bacterial or viral infections. FCD Type IIID (Cortical Lamination Abnormality Adjacent to Any Other Lesion Acquired During Early Life)