cerebral toxoplasmosis true encephalitis due to acquired toxoplasmosis SCTID:192701001 Infections of the brain caused by the protozoan toxoplasma gondii that primarily arise in individuals with immunologic deficiency syndromes (see also aids-related opportunistic infections). The infection may involve the brain diffusely or form discrete abscesses. Clinical manifestations include seizures, altered mentation, headache, focal neurologic deficits, and intracranial hypertension. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp41-3) MONDO:0005697 Toxoplasmosis, found worldwide, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Immunocompetent persons with primary infection are usually asymptomatic, but latent infection can occur. In immunosuppressed patients, especially those with HIV, reactivation can cause disease (usually when CD4 lymphocyte count falls below 100 cells/mm3). Most patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis have multiple, ring-enhancing, brain lesions often associated with edema and with predilection for involvement of the basal ganglia. ICD9:130.0 meningoencephalitis due to toxoplasmosis MESH:D016781 Toxoplasma encephalitis EFO:0007200 infectious etiology