has characteristic capable of part of receives synaptic input in region sends synaptic output to region sends synaptic output to cell posterior slope adult mushroom body modulatory input neuron mushroom body octopaminergic neuron adult labial octopaminergic VM neuron mushroom body output neuron 11 mushroom body gamma lobe slice 1 adult octopaminergic subesophageal VPM neuron octopaminergic VPM4 neuron 2012-10-08T04:42:58Z ventral paired median octopaminergic neuron 4 VFB:FBbt_00110152 fly_anatomy.ontology OA-VPM4 The neurotransmitter was assessed by immunostaining with an anti-octopamine (OA) antibody in cells labelled with tdc2-GAL4 (FBti0101786) and NP7088-GAL4 (FBti0037217) (Busch et al., 2009) or only using the tdc2-GAL4 (FBti0101786) (Busch and Tanimoto, 2010). OA-VPM4 Octopaminergic neuron of the VM cluster, whose cell body is located posterior to that of OA-VPM3, and slightly lateral, in the labial segment of the adult brain. Its main neurite projects to the ventral esophagus where it crosses the midline. Its secondary neurite shares the tract with OA-VPM3, running further along the posterior margin of the antennal lobe to the anterior superior medial protocerebrum. There it turns posteriorly and medially to cross the midline again along the dorsal margin of the fan-shaped body. Various processes branch off the main and secondary neurites, innervating the contralateral superior, inferior and ventrolateral protocerebra, the whole contralateral gamma lobe and spur of the mushroom body, the subesophageal zone and the ipsilateral middle inferior lateral and middle inferior medial protocerebra (Busch et al., 2009, Busch and Tanimoto, 2010). There is one neuron of this type in each hemisphere. It is synapsed to the MVP2 neuron in mushroom body gamma lobe slice 1 and is involved in food odor attraction (Sayin et al., 2019). FBbt:00110152 adult subesophageal zone spur of adult mushroom body olfactory behavior bilateral