has soma location receives synaptic input in region sends synaptic output to region lobula layer 2 lobula layer 4 lobula columnar neuron lobula columnar neuron LC4 LC4 FBbt:00003874 Lobula columnar neuron whose cell body is in an extended region of the lateral cell body rind (Wu et al., 2016). It has its main dendritic arbors in lobula layers 2 and 4 (Wu et al., 2016; Tanaka and Clark, 2022). Its arbors span approximately 40 optic columns, overlapping with other LC4 cells (Wu et al., 2016). It projects to an optic glomerulus in the PVLP that is medial to the one from LC12 and ventral to LPLC2 and LPLC1 (Wu et al., 2016). There are an estimated 66 neurons of this type (Wu et al., 2016). It has been reported as being both glutamatergic (Raghu and Borst, 2011) and cholinergic (Davis et al., 2020). ColA fly_anatomy.ontology VFB:FBbt_00003874 LC4 lobula columnar neuron Lcn4 FlyBrain_NDB:10001 The glutamate neurotransmitter was assessed by labelling cells with a vGlut[CNSIII]-GAL4 driver (FBti0129148) (Raghu and Borst, 2011). The acetylcholine neurotransmitter was assessed by scRNAseq detection of choline acetyltransferase (FBgn0000303) and vesicular acetylcholine transporter (FBgn0270928) expression (Davis et al., 2020). Otsuna states that lcn4 innervates an optic glomerulus in the vlpr and vlpr maps to the VLP in Ito et al. (2014). Pre- versus postsynaptic innervation judged by scoring of terminal morphology from figures in Fischbach and Dittrich (1989) as assessed by FlyBrain Neuron DB and with a presynaptic marker (synaptotagmin-HA driver) (Wu et al., 2016). lobular columnar neuron Lcn4 LC04 LC4 optic glomerulus adult cholinergic neuron adult glutamatergic neuron adult lateral brain cell body rind optic lobe wide-field columnar neuron