peptide hormone secreting cell LN period neuron LNv neuron FBbt:00004046 lateral neuron ventral Assertion that LNvs are necessary and sufficient for locomotor rhythms based on mosaic analysis (Ewer et al., 1992), and by similarity of period-mutant flies to those with ablation of Pdf-expressing neurons (i.e. all LNvs except one cell), (Renn et al., 1999). LNv VFB:FBbt_00004046 ventral lateral neurons fly_anatomy.ontology ventral adult lateral neuron LNv Lateral period-expressing neuron (LN) of the adult brain whose cell body is located in the ventral cluster of LNs, at the level of the esophageal foramen (Helfrich-Forster, 1998). It has neurites associated with the accessory medulla (aMe) (Helfrich-Forster et al., 2007). The LN neuronal group are necessary and sufficient for generation of robust adult locomotor rhythms in the absence of environmental cues (Helfrich-Forster et al., 2007). There are approximately nine of these cells per hemisphere (Ma et al., 2021). They are peptidergic, with eight per hemisphere expressing Pdf and the other expressing ion transport peptide (Johard et al., 2009; Ma et al., 2021). neurosecretory cell of adult brain accessory medulla neuron adult peptidergic neuron