barbiturate http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85011804 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/SNOMEDCT/372798009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22693 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C67084 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Barbiturates https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206348 A class of drugs characterized as central nervous system (CNS) depressants. Barbiturate compounds bind to the gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)-A receptor, thereby increasing the influx of chloride ions into the neuron and subsequently causing hyperpolarization, which produces a decrease in neuronal transmission. Other barbiturate effects in the CNS may include modulation of sodium and calcium channels as well as inhibition of glutamate-mediated excitation. Although the effects of barbiturates are seen throughout the CNS, the predominant effect occurs in the midbrain region, the part of the brain associated with arousal. CNS depressive effects associated with this drug class include mild sedation, hypnosis, anesthesia, and coma as well as a decrease in seizure activity. Members of the class of pyrimidones consisting of pyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (barbituric acid) and its derivatives. Largest group of the synthetic sedative/hypnotics, sharing a characteristic six-membered ring structure. RM325 barbiturates pyrimidone synthetic aphrodisiac