Two-Spirit person ethnic slur LGBTQ-related slur Two-Spirit gender identity glbtq Encyclopedia Project berdache berdache http://homosaurus.org/v2/berdache https://homosaurus.org/v3/homoit0000098 An antiquated and anthropological term used by non-Native Americans to identify an Indigenous individual or individuals fulfilling one of many mixed gender roles in their tribe. Often in their writings they applied this term to any male who they perceived to be homosexual, bisexual, or effeminate by Western social standards, leading to a wide variety of diverse individuals being categorized under this imprecise term. At times they incorrectly implied that these individuals were intersex (or, "hermaphrodites"). Considered offensive by many Native American and First Nations communities because of its pejorative and non-American etymology, berdache began to fall out of use in the 1990s; two-spirit and various tribe-specific terms (wergern, etc) are now used instead. bardashe berdaches berdachism berdash burdach burdash bardache Two-Spirit gender identity Trans/formations Changing Ones: Third and Fourth Genders in Native North America Encyclopedia of Homosexuality Encyclopedia of the Great Plains The Complete Dictionary of Sexology The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies LGBTQI Terminology LGBT Terminology (University of Southern California)