Nuclear Hydroxylation of Proline Residues on HIF1A Authored: May, B, 2011-03-09 Edited: May, B, 2011-03-09 Proline hydroxylases PHD1 (EGLN2) and PHD3 (EGLN3) located in the nucleus (Metzen et al. 2003) hydroxylate HIF1A at proline-402 and proline-564 (Buick and McKnight 2001, Jaakkola et al. 2001, Ivan et al. 2001, Ivan et al. 2002, Berra et al. 2003, Hirsila et al. 2003, Appelhoff et al. 2004, Tuckerman et al. 2004, Fedulova et al. 2007, Tian et al. 2011). The amount of hydroxylation occurring in the nucleus is controversial. Most hydroxylation is believed to occur in the cytosol. Pubmed11292861 Pubmed11292862 Pubmed11598268 Pubmed12351678 Pubmed12615973 Pubmed12788921 Pubmed12912907 Pubmed15247232 Pubmed15474027 Pubmed17434750 Pubmed21335549 Reactome Database ID Release 431234181 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_120973 Reviewed: Rantanen, Krista, 2012-05-19 has a Stoichiometric coefficient of 2