1-acyl LPA is acylated to PA by AGPAT (LPAAT) 1-acyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + acyl-CoA => 1,2-diacyl-glycerol 3-phosphate + CoASH At the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, 1-acyl-lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is acylated to phosphatidic acid (PA) by the enzymes 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (AGPAT1 through 11), and lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase (LPCAT1) (Aguado and Campbell 1998).<br><br>See recent review by Agarwal (2012, in press).<br><br>AGPAT1, 2, 3 and LPCAT1 have been characterized biochemically (AGPAT1, 2: Yamashita et al. 2007, West et al. 1997, Aguado and Campbell 1998, Gale et al. 2006; AGPAT3: Agarwal et al. 2006; LPCAT1: Nakanishi et al. 2006, Chen et al. 2006). Two additional proteins, AGPAT4 and AGPAT5, are inferred to have such activity based on studies of homologous mouse enzymes (Lu et al. 2005). These enzymes differ in their tissue specific patterns of expression in the body and in their preferences for specific acyl CoA molecules (Shindou and Shimizu 2009; Takeuchi and Reue 2009).<br> EC Number: 2.3.1.51 Pubmed15367102 Pubmed16495223 Pubmed16620771 Pubmed16704971 Pubmed16864775 Pubmed17707131 Pubmed18718904 Pubmed19336658 Pubmed9212163 Pubmed9461603 Reactome Database ID Release 4375885 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_2042 lysophosphatidic acid + fatty acyl CoA => phosphatidic acid + CoA (1)