Amyloid fibril main peptide chains Amyloid fibrils have additional components Authored: Jupe, S, 2010-10-15 Edited: Jupe, S, 2011-04-08 In addition to the main fibril peptide, mature amyloid fibrils have additional components. Serum amyloid P component (SAP) binds to all types of amyloid fibrils and is a universal constituent of amyloid deposits. SAP binding protects amyloid fibrils from proteolytic degradation (Tennent et al. 1995, Westermark 2005). SAP may function as a chaperone for amyloid formation (Coker et al. 2000). Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans are found associated with all types of amyloid deposits (Alexandrescu 2005). Of the different types of GAG heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate are the most prominent in amyloid deposits (Hirschfield & Hawkins, 2003). GAGs have been implicated in the nucleation of fibrils, they can also stabilize mature fibrils against dissociation (Yamaguchi et al. 2003) and proteolytic degradation (Gupta-Bansal et al. 1995). Perlecan coimmunolocalizes with all types of amyloids (Snow & Wright 1989), accelerating fibril formation (Castillo et al. 1998), stabilizing them once formed (Castillo et al. 1997), and protecting them from proteolytic degradation (Gupta-Bansal et al. 1995). ApoE tightly binds to soluble ABeta peptide forming complexes that resist dissociation; it also binds to ABeta in its fibril form (Bales et al. 2002). Pubmed10583407 Pubmed10812074 Pubmed118839 Pubmed12911560 Pubmed12962700 Pubmed14993413 Pubmed15576561 Pubmed16302959 Pubmed20807650 Pubmed2409350 Pubmed2682326 Pubmed7629198 Pubmed7753801 Pubmed9375678 Pubmed9568695 Reactome Database ID Release 43976734 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_75905 Reviewed: Perry, G, 2011-04-08 Amyloid fibrils Serum amyloid P-component homopentamer