Adenylate cyclase converts ATP to 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) and pyrophosphate Authored: Jupe, S, 2009-05-22 13:10:56 EC Number: 4.6.1.1 Edited: Jupe, S, 2009-09-09 Pubmed13549488 Pubmed14993377 Reactome Database ID Release 43392129 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_19249 Reviewed: Akkerman, JW, 2009-06-03 The activation of adenylyl (adenylate) cyclase (AC) results in the production of adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate i.e. cyclic AMP. Humans have 9 genes encoding membrane-associated AC and one encoding a soluble AC. Two of the classes of heterotrimeric G-proteins are named according to their effect on AC; Gs stimulates all membrane-bound ACs (the s in Gs denotes AC stimulatory); the Gi class inhibits some AC isoforms, particularly 5 and 6. Beta-gamma subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins can also regulate AC. Ca2+/Calmodulin activates some AC isoforms (1, 8 and 3) but is inhibitory to others (5 and 6).