Somatostatin Somatostatin receptors Somatostatin receptor:somatostatin Somatostatin receptors bind somatostatin Authored: Jassal, B, 2008-08-21 14:07:16 Edited: D'Eustachio, P, 2008-09-01 11:58:31 Pubmed1337145 Pubmed1346068 Pubmed6126875 Pubmed7792934 Pubmed8373420 Reactome Database ID Release 43374758 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_14807 Reviewed: Bockaert, J, 2008-09-01 12:04:13 Somatostatin (growth hormone inhibiting hormone, GHIH; somatotropin release-inhibiting factor, SRIF) (Shen LP et al, 1992) is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with somatostatin receptors 1-5 (Hoyer D et al, 1995). Somatostatin has two active forms produced by alternative cleavage of the single preproprotein and named according to the number of amino acids in the chain; Somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-14. The 5 receptors known to date all couple with pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins to inhibit adenylate cyclase after ligand binding. They were classified according to the dates they were discovered; SSTR1 and 2 (Yamada Y et al, Jan. 1992), SSTR3 (Yamada Y et al, Dec. 1992) and SSTR4 and SSTR5 (Yamada Y et al, Sep. 1993).