DAI binds cytosolic DNA PathwayStep6995 PathwayStep6989 PathwayStep6998 DAI mediated induction of type I IFNs Authored: Shamovsky, V, 2011-09-21 DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors (DAI), also known as Z-DNA-binding protein-1 (ZBP-1), was reported to initiate innate immune responses in murine L929 cells upon stimulation by multiple types of exogenously added DNA (Takaoka A et al 2007). Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was shown to stimulate DAI-mediated induction of IRF3 in human foreskin (DeFilippis VR et al 2010). DAI was also implicated in activation of NF-kappaB pathways in human embryonic kidney HEK293T cells (Kaiser WJ et al 2008, Rebsamen M et al 2009). However, the role and importance of DAI as dsDNA sensor remain controversial, since knocking down DAI expression in other human or murine cell types by siRNA had very little effect on cellular responses to cytosolic DNA, suggesting the presence of alternative pathway (Wang ZC et al 2008, Lippmann J et al 2008). Tissue-specific expression of human DAI also suggests that DAI may function in cell-type specific way (Rothenburg S et al 2002).<br> Edited: Shamovsky, V, 2012-02-23 Pubmed11842111 Pubmed17618271 Pubmed18375758 Pubmed18771559 Pubmed18941233 Pubmed19590578 Pubmed19846511 Reactome Database ID Release 431606322 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_118764 Reviewed: D'Eustachio, P, 2011-12-07 Reviewed: Upton, JW, Mocarski, ES, 2012--0-2- IRF3 mediated activation of type 1 IFN RIP-mediated NFkB activation via DAI