Carbonic Anhydrase Dehydrates Bicarbonate (cytosol) Authored: May, B, 2011-08-06 Carbonic anhydrase I (CA1, Khalifah 1971, Simonsson et al. 1982, Ren and Lindskog 1992), carbonic anyhydrase II (CA2, Tibell et al. 1984, Jones and Shaw 1983, Pesando 1975, Ghannam et al. 1986), carbonic anhydrase III (CA3, Carter et al. 1979, Tu et al. 1990, Tu et al. 1994, Tu et al. 1998, Silverman et al. 1993), carbonic anhydrase VII (CA7, Bootorabi et al. 2010, Gitto et al. 2010) dehydrate cytosolic bicarbonate to yield water and carbon dioxide (reviewed in Lindskog 1997). Depending on the concentrations of reactants the reaction is reversible.<br>CA2 and CA7 have high catalytic activity, CA1 has low activity (10% of the activity of CA2), and CA3 has very low activity (1% of the activity of CA2). CA1 and CA2 are found in erythrocytes. CA2 is also found in kidney, lung, and white muscle where it facilitates diffusion of carbon dioxide. CA3 is found in red muscle where it participates in resistance against oxidative stress. EC Number: 4.2.1.1 Edited: May, B, 2011-08-06 Pubmed120192 Pubmed1554744 Pubmed17427958 Pubmed20349499 Pubmed20493921 Pubmed20578724 Pubmed21282642 Pubmed2169869 Pubmed22001224 Pubmed234739 Pubmed3080418 Pubmed4994926 Pubmed6407977 Pubmed6433979 Pubmed6819139 Pubmed8083199 Pubmed8399223 Pubmed9336012 Pubmed9635771 Reactome Database ID Release 431475022 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_120719 Reviewed: Jassal, B, 2012-05-16 Reviewed: Silverman, DN, 2012-05-16