CaM pathway PathwayStep5803 phospho-PLA2 pathway Ca-dependent events Authored: Le Novere, N, Jassal, B, 2004-03-31 12:22:05 Calcium, as the ion Ca2+, is essential in many biological processes. The majority of Ca2+ in many organisms is bound to phosphates which form skeletal structures and also buffer Ca2+ levels in extracellular fluids (typically 1 millimolar). Intracellular free Ca2+, by contrast, is 10,000 times lower than the outside of the cell (typically 10 micromolar). This concentration gradient is used to import Ca2+ into cells where it acts as a second messenger. Edited: Jassal, B, 2008-11-06 10:17:49 Pubmed11162741 Pubmed16076488 Pubmed17697045 Pubmed18083096 Reactome Database ID Release 43111996 Reactome, http://www.reactome.org ReactomeREACT_15307 Reviewed: Castagnoli, L, 2008-11-06 12:55:54 PathwayStep3840