Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia 2019-04-08T19:15:19Z An opportunistic disease caused by invasion of unicellular fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. Transmission of P. jirovecii cysts takes place through the airborne route, and usually, its presence in lungs is asymptomatic. However, people with impaired immunity, especially those with CD4+ T cell count below 200/microliter, are still at risk of the development of Pneumocystis pneumonia due to P. jirovecii invasion. Symptoms induced by this disease are not specific: progressive dyspnea, non-productive cough, low-grade fever, arterial partial pressure of oxygen below 65 mmHg, and chest radiographs demonstrating bilateral, interstitial shadowing. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, a ubiquitous fungus. The taxonomy of the organism has been changed; Pneumocystis carinii now refers only to the Pneumocystis that infects rats, and P. jirovecii refers to the distinct species that infects humans. However, the abbreviation PCP is still the preferred acronym to designate the clinical syndrome of Pneumocystis pneumonia, although PJP is commonly used. HP:0034286 Opportunistic fungal infection