Chronic infection Chronic active EBV infection 2019-01-20T15:00:27Z Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is an uncommon outcome of EBV infection and may present as a waxing and waning or fulminant syndrome. Unlike acute infectious mononucleosis, wherein EBV establishes lifelong infection and survives by maintaining a delicate balance with the host as a latent infection, in chronic active EBV infection the host-virus balance is disturbed. The mechanisms by which an EBV infection becomes chronic active are likely to be heterogenous and may involve host immune factors, viral factors, or both. Persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection Recurrent Epstein-Barr virus infection Unusual EBV infection