force spectroscopy atomic force microscopy cantilevers MI:2291 pporras Molecules adsorbed on a solid surface are picked up by a microscopic tip (nanometers wide) that is located at the end of an elastic cantilever. Piezoelectric controller is used to measure forces generated by single molecules or molecular complexes stretched between the substrate and the cantilever tip. afm cantilevers PSI-MI 2018-09-13T10:49:44Z