antifungal azole https://doi.org/10.3390/genes9090461 excessive use of azoles for treatment and in agriculture is a contributor to increased antifungal resistance Azoles are group of antifungals that function by targeting the cytochrome P450 enzyme-lanosterol 14α-demethylase, that converts lanosterol to ergosterol. Ergosterol is the main membrane sterol in most fungal species, holding an important role in controlling membrane fluidity. Effective azoles decrease membrane fluidity enough to inhibit cell growth. Azoles are heterocyclic compounds containing at least one nitrogen atom as part of the ring.