has_specified_output achieves_planned_objective statistical test hypothesis statistical hypothesis test objective data transformation sign test The sign test is a non-parametric hypothesis test used to assess whether the median of a single population is equal to a specified value, typically referred to as the null hypothesis. The sign test is particularly useful when the data are not normally distributed or when the assumptions required for parametric tests are not met. Note that the 'sign test' is related but different from the "Wilcoxon signed rank test'. Sign test: It does not assume any specific distribution for the data. It only requires paired data and makes no assumptions about the shape of the underlying distribution. Wilcoxon signed-rank test: It assumes that the differences between paired observations come from a symmetric distribution. It's also more powerful than the sign test when the distribution is continuous and symmetric. adapted from wikipedia and adapted from ChatGPT3.5 Philippe Rocca-Serra paired observation comparison objective p-value ready for release