diagnosed using tool treated with diagnosed using measurement in guideline Serum Creatinine Level Abnormality of the Kidney Kidney Failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003606 SCDO:0000674 May be Acute (acute kidney injury) or chronic (chronic kidney disease). Renal Failure Failure of the kidneys to adequately filter toxins and waste products from the blood; classified as acute (as in acute kidney injury) or chronic (as in chronic kidney disease); a number of other diseases or health problems may cause either form of renal failure to occur. HP:0000084 Treatment is dependent upon etiology and acuity. If refractory to medical therapy, renal replacement or dialysis may be indicated. Sufficient Renal Insufficiency Variable Has a variety of causes - dependent upon acuity - see definitions for acute kidney injury (acute renal failure) and chronic kidney disease. Urine Test Urine Albumin Excretion Rate Renal Replacement Therapy Treatment of Precipitating Factors Recommendations for the Management of Sickle Cell Disease in South Africa National Guideline for the Control and Management of Sickle Cell Disease Management of Sickle Cell Disease - The United Republic of Tanzania Standards for Clinical Care of Adults with Sickle Cell Disease in the UK Sickle Cell Disease: The Clinical Care Guidelines of the Sickle Cell Unit Consensus Statement on the Care of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease in Canada Sickle Cell Disease in Children, Standards and Guidelines for Clinic Care Evidence-Based Management of Sickle Cell Disease Renal Complication