has continuant part at all times has proper continuant part at all times participates in at all times has history occupies spatial region at all times has quality spatially disjoint from system complex system development développement de système complexe sviluppo del sistema complesso complex system environment environnement de système complexe ambiente del sistema complesso complex system système complexe sistema complesso IOBC: http://purl.jp/bio/4/id/200906033993517889 IOBC: http://purl.jp/bio/4/id/201406059151625127 EnvThes: http://vocabs.lter-europe.net/EnvThes/21908 I2SV: https://i2insights.org/index/integration-and-implementation-sciences-vocabulary#complex-systems socio-ecological system, social-ecological system A system whose system components interact dynamically and nonlinearly, causing the emergence of a collective nontrivial and self-organized behavior. No internal/external centralized controls are required. Ubbiali, G. A., Borghini, A., & Lange, M. C. (2024). Ontologies for Sustainability: Theoretical Challenges. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/z8uqr Un système dont les composantes interagissent dynamiquement et non linéairement, causant l’émergence d’un comportement collectif, non trivial et auto-organisé. Aucun contrôle interne ou externe centralisé n’est requis. Un sistema le cui componenti interagiscono dinamicamente e non linearmente, causando l’emergere di un comportamento collettivo, non banale e auto-organizzato. Non è richiesto nessun controllo centralizzato, né interno né esterno. complex system history historie de système complexe storia del sistema complesso complex system component composante de système complexe componente del sistema complesso complex system boundary frontière de système complexe confine del sistema complesso complex system spatial region région d’espace de système complexe regione spaziale del sistema complesso emergence émergence (propriété émergentes emergenza (proprietà emergenti) self-organization auto-organisation auto-organizzazione released