multiple ion irradiation study multiple ion simultaneous irradiation study A multiple ion simultaneous irradiation study typically involves simultaneously exposing a sample or system to a combination of ions. This could include exposure to various forms of particle radiation, for example ion beams. Exposure might be from anthropogenic or natural sources of radiation. The goal is to understand how the different types of radiation interact with each other and their combined effects on the material or biological system under investigation. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-7263 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9227-0670