has function has role immunizes against disease immunizes recipient test in lab animal model prostate cancer Mus musculus Homo sapiens subunit vaccine therapeutic vaccine function subunit vaccine role vaccine in clinical trial role prostate cancer vaccine PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF Vaccine https://github.com/vaccineontology/VO/issues/180 Gene name: IL-2 NCI: https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Thesaurus&code=C114289 Oliver He VIOLIN: https://violinet.org/vaxquery/vaccine_detail.php?c_vaccine_id=5109 Gene name: GM-CSF PMID:12487060 Jimmy Guo 3558 1437 Virginia He cancer vaccine Jie Zheng A prostate cancer vaccine containing prostate specific antigen (PSA) combined with the cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon intradermal vaccination, PSA/IL-2/GM-CSF vaccine may activate the immune system to induce a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response against prostate cancer cells expressing this antigen, thereby decreasing tumor cell growth. PSA, a glycoprotein secreted by prostatic epithelial and ductal cells, is overexpressed by prostate cancer cells. IL-2 stimulates natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T-cells against the PSA-expressing tumor cells. GM-CSF promotes antigen presentation to dendritic cells and further stimulates a tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response. 5109 NCT: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02058680 therapeutic cancer vaccine