causally related to causal relation between processes Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect. p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. occurrent